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OECD 국가 국방예산의 결정요인 분석

Analysis of Determinants of Defense Budget in the OECD Countries

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초록

국방 예산은 국방 정책의 의지와 실현 가능성을 보여주는 실질적인 수치이기 때문에 많은 연구 주제가되어왔다. 그러나 이전의 연구들은 예산이론과 연계 된 분석보다는 연구자가 관심을 갖는 변수들 간의 관계에 초점을 두었다. 본 연구의 목적은 예산이론에 기초하여 OECD 국가들과 국방예산 상위 10 개국의 국방예산 결정요인을 분석하는 것이다. 또한 차분 GMM과 System GMM 등의 동적 패널 데이터 분석과 같은 경험적 분석 방법을 제시하였다. 분석 결과, 사회 경제적 요인 (실질 GDP, 디플레이터) 및 정치 행정적 요인 (시차변수)을 나타내는 변수들이 국방 예산의 결정에 영향을 미친다는 것이 확인되었다. 본 연구는 또한 포괄안보개념으로서 국제 평화 지수의 유의성을 검증하였다. 이는 향후 안보환경이 다른 다양한나라의 국방 예산 분석을위한 연구 틀을 제공 할 것이다.

Abstract

The defense budget has been a subject of much research because it is a practical figure that shows the will and realization possibility of the defense policy. However, the previous study have focused on the relationship between the variables in that the researcher is interested without theoretical framework of the budget theory and the security concept. The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of the defense budgets of countries within the OECD and top 10 countries of the defense budget based on the budget theory. We also present empirical analysis methods such as dynamic panel data analysis with difference GMM and system GMM. As a result, it was verified that the variables representing socioeconomic factors(real GDP, deflator) and political administrative factors(lagged dependents) influenced the decision of the defense budget. We also verified the significance of the Global Peace Index as a comprehensive security factor. This will finally suggest the research framework for analyzing defense budget in any countries.

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