“这下”의 문장제약 연구

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to provide an analysis for the Chinese instructors in their academic research of ‘这下’ based on the structural limitations it causes. The study explores the basic definition of ‘这下’ while observing the changes in the meaning according to the placement ‘这下’ in the sentence and its relational limitations. Approaching the study through the perspective of syntax and pragmatics, research was conducted in the order of: collection of information, analytics and categorization, then affirmation. Through collection of verbal uses of ‘这下’ for the research of its structural limitations, it was found that each type of ‘这下’ had preferred succeeding component. Such findings provided basis, for deduction of the existence of a responsive relationship between the sentences. ‘这下’ can be categorized into: one (这下₁), a word used previously or in a situation that was previously mentioned; two (这下₂), the change of meaning and conditions surrounding the 这下; three (这下₃), the one-off expression; and four (这下₄), the specific moventents. The summary of ‘这下’ and its conjunctive functions is as follows. Initially, it is the singular usage of ‘这下’. 这回 and 这次 are used under the condition that it could reoccur periodically or not. However, ‘这下’ is the conclusive condition that results from an occurrence of another incident and is only used in the initial, appropriate condition and not in the following conditions. As such, the initial characteristic of ‘这下’ its singular usage not giving way to prediction of the following situations. Secondly, there is no other expression to substitute ‘这下’. In the case of ‘这次’, an expression used to show consecutiveness of events, there are alternatives such as ‘那次’, ‘上次’, and ‘下次’ as does ‘这回’. However, ‘这下’ cannot show the relationship of time, therefore it does not have a surrogate expression meaning ‘previous’ or ‘afterwards’. Thirdly, the vanity in the meaning of the word. Both ‘回’ and ‘次’ still convey their original meaning as verbal expressions, however, the ‘下’ in ‘这下‘ has minimal expression of activity which shows it has lost its original lexical functions. The fourth characteristic of the functions is in the limitations within the sentence structure. Among the ‘这下’, most predicates responsive to ‘这下₃’ are adjectives that are followed by the auxiliary word ‘了’ which indicates a change of condition. Adverbs such as “可”, “更” which emphasize the meanings of the word were also often used in the examples. Such appearance of the responsive components within the sentence indicate restrictive or limited relationship in the structure.