현대중국어 시량구 분포와 특징 분석 – 긍정문의 ‘시량구+동사술어’ 구조를 중심으로

Abstract

This study analyzed the syntactical semantic characteristics and information structure of ‘temporal adverbial+verb predicate (Abbreviated as T+V below)’ in modern Chinese affirmative sentences. As a result of syntactic semantic analysis, it was confirmed that the ‘T+V’ was adopted when expressing unfinished actions or events because the ‘T+V’ was more free than the ‘verb predicate+temporal adverbial (Abbreviated as V+T below)’ in terms of the termination(completion) of the predicate. The two structures showed differences in function depending on the situation aspect of the verb. When combined with verbs of [-durative] and [+telic] semantic feature, the ‘V+T’ can express the continuous meaning of the resulting state. On the other hand, the ‘T+V’ was found to express the duration or period of an action. In terms of information structure, unlike the ‘V+T’, which functions as a natural focus, the ‘T+V’ sometimes functions as a presupposition or topic of a predicate-focus sentence. Sometimes it functions as a focus of a sentence and forms an argument-focus structure. The composition of this information structure is operated comprehensively with various conditions. For example, the pragmatic state of ‘temporal adverbial’, the tendency of Chinese word order for finite, the syntactic semantic importance of predicate phrase, and the focus marker.