미국 북장로회 선교사 안의와(James Edward Adams)의 교육선교 연구－ 대학문제(College Question)와 선교회 논쟁을 중심으로

Abstract

This study examines the educational mission ideology and role of Northern Presbyterian missionary James Edward Adams (1867-1929), who represented the mission field amid divisions over educational mission policy and conflicts between the Korea mission and mission board intensified by the College Question. Adams came to Korea in 1895 and remained until 1924, leading evangelization in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk regions. As Secretary-General of the Educational Senate of the Federal Council of Protestant Missions in Korea and Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Northern Presbyterian Korea Mission, he upheld the purpose and principles of Presbyterian educational mission under Japanese colonial education and led inter-mission cooperation. Based on primary sources including Adams’ mission correspondence and reports, this study investigates his previously unexamined missionary activities from a historical perspective. It moves beyond interpreting the College Question through a Seoul-Pyongyang regional framework, instead analyzing it as complex conflicts within the mission and between Korea mission and the board arising from the transition from training church leaders—the fundamental purpose of educational mission—toward expanding Christian knowledge. This study offers scholarly significance by reexamining the College Question through Adams’ perspective from the Daegu station. While responding to both the Japanese colonial education system and the College Question, Adams emphasized that training Korean church leaders in accordance with the mission's essential mandate of “establishing and strengthening the indigenous church” was the central purpose of educational mission. For Adams, indigenous church establishment and educational mission closely interrelated as a mutually reinforcingrelationship. Therefore, this purpose and principle of educational mission could not be compromised in the College Question.