『尙書』 성립 과정에 대한 연구 - 淸華簡 『程寤』의 전승과 사상을 중심으로 ­

Abstract

This paper discusses passing down situation and significance of Cheng Wu(程寤) which people have regarded as one chapter of Yi Zhoushu(逸周書). To write the paper, it is to conduct analysis and comparison of the content in the excavated text which Qinghua University preserves with the traditional Chinese text. Cheng Wu(程寤) narrates that the king of Wen’s wife, Taisi(太姒), received divine revelation in her dream, and the king practiced a rite, and then Shangdi(上帝) gave him and his crown prince whose name was Fa(發) who became the king of Wu(武王) later the Ming of Shang(商命). Since it is to confer of the Mandate of Heaven(天命) by a revelation in a dream and contains a religious and mystical factor, especially with regard to contrasting with the concept of Minbenzhuyi(民本主義, rooted in the people) in Wugao(五誥) conferring of the Mandate of Heaven through the revelation in the dream, I guess that it is to not consider Cheng Wu(程寤) as a Confucian text, including Shangshu(尙書). To demonstrate my argument, I infer that the contents of Cheng Wu(程寤) is not possible to record the Confucian text which has the Minbenzhuyi(民本主義) concept such as Shangshu(尙書) Wugao(五誥) after analyzing and comparing Cheng Wu(程寤) to other texts to trace the process of its omission. From my inference, I argue that the Mandate of Heaven ideology on Minbenzhuyi that a ruler should serve his people replaces of mystical thought of Cheng Wu, then becomes the orthodox Confucian thought. The Confucian ideology, Minbenzhuyi, does not deny and prevent a breakdown of the social system which indicates the relationship between a ruler and subjects. Minbenzhuyi even had enhanced this relationship. Although Heaven makes the people perceives the will of the transcendent thing through a dream or religious rite, I believe that we should think of this thought which are seized by existed objects to exercise power in a proper way because there is still inequal and governing power today.