他者のコミュニケーション行為への理解に関する事例分析

Abstract

This research aims to first put forward an overview of the prior study of ‘understanding others’ in the Japanese education and to elaborate the necessity of the communication act of understanding others. Communication is constructed by the ‘interaction’ derived from the behaviours of understanding and the ‘repetition’ derived from the behaviours of expression. The author believes that, the study of ‘understanding others’ can inspire people to develop different ways to build up better relationships and have better communication. The behaviour of understanding is different from that of the behaviour of expression, where the former once happens internally inside an individual and it is basically impossible to observe directly from the outside. Therefore, we need to make use of qualitative research to dig deeper into the thoughts of different individuals. The author has conducted an interview survey with Ms.Jing, who is an exchange student from China and has spent 10 years studying in Japan. The author has made an analysis of the content of the interview and has examined the process of her communication act of ‘understanding others’. The findings are as follow, there are 6 different situations of understanding others spotted. And the following conclusions are drawn from these situations. First of all, for the 6 situations identified from this interview survey, Ms.Jing’s focus of understanding include ‘the intention of expression’, ‘the subjectivity meaning of language’, ‘the dynamic property of the people you are interacting with’, ‘the difference in values of oneself and others’, ‘the process of communication act’, ‘stance and obligations’ and, ‘non-verbal behaviours’. These focuses can be further classified into ‘regarding to others’, ‘regarding both parties’ and, ‘regarding to oneself’. Secondly, during the process of Ms.Jing’s communicationact, she has attempted a variety of methods. Forinstance, she has combined her exchange experience to amplify the information for others. Also, she has objectively perceived the interaction with others from an outside point of view and has intentionally looked at things from other perspectives and angles. This research, as a case study, is subject to limits and cannot fully elaborate the properties of ‘understanding others’. More data is to be collected in the future and this will become a module to analyse the important points of understanding others.