1970년대 말 중국의 진리 표준 토론과 새로운 사회주의 기호의 출현
The 1978 Truth Criterion Controversy in China and the Emergence of New Sign of Socialism
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Arguing that it is misleading to explain the meaning of the 1978 Truth Criterion Controversy from a political perspective, this paper suggests what the Controversy really brought about in chinese society in the late 1970s through an analysis of “Whateverists' Discourse(凡是論)” and “Practitioners' Discourse(實踐論).”During the Controversy, both of them tried to prove themselves to be affiliated with socialism by using the traditional signs of socialism(e. g. Marxist works or quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung), but “Practitioners”, contrary to “Whateverists”, made active use of the signs of natural science(e. g. particular example of chemistry, physics, medical science and so on). Of course, the signs of natural science was not the exclusive property of “Practitioners”, and others also made use of those signs in order to increase the credibility of their opinion, especially in the first controversy over truth criterion in the early 1960s. However, “Practitioners” was unique in that they went without the help and support of traditional signs of socialism. This means that the signs of natural science has the enough power to test the truth or falsehood of one's claims by themselves. This paper calls this as the reorganization of symbolic system of socialism, and holds that what the 1978 Truth Criterion Controversy brought about in Chinese society was this reorganization.
Abstract
Arguing that it is misleading to explain the meaning of the 1978 Truth Criterion Controversy from a political perspective, this paper suggests what the Controversy really brought about in chinese society in the late 1970s through an analysis of “Whateverists' Discourse(凡是論)” and “Practitioners' Discourse(實踐論).”During the Controversy, both of them tried to prove themselves to be affiliated with socialism by using the traditional signs of socialism(e. g. Marxist works or quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung), but “Practitioners”, contrary to “Whateverists”, made active use of the signs of natural science(e. g. particular example of chemistry, physics, medical science and so on). Of course, the signs of natural science was not the exclusive property of “Practitioners”, and others also made use of those signs in order to increase the credibility of their opinion, especially in the first controversy over truth criterion in the early 1960s. However, “Practitioners” was unique in that they went without the help and support of traditional signs of socialism. This means that the signs of natural science has the enough power to test the truth or falsehood of one's claims by themselves. This paper calls this as the reorganization of symbolic system of socialism, and holds that what the 1978 Truth Criterion Controversy brought about in Chinese society was this reorganization.
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