5ㆍ4 전후 새로운 과학 담론 공동체의 형성과 세계관의 전환 ― 1920년대 중국의 상대성이론 수용과 그 이념적 배경을 중심으로

Abstract

This paper has focused on how scientific discourse and ideology in Chinese society were related and discussed in society. Compared to how modern world in western countries had science and humanities areas clearly separated, science has a significant meaning for enlightenment in the transition period of modern period in China. In addition, a role of scientific discourse community created in the course of transition was analyzed in the case of dispersion of “the theory of relativity” in the 1920s. This paper has reorganized the recognition and a view of the world on the time and space as to how “the theory of relativity” that was actively introduced in the [The Eastern Miscellany] before and after the 5.4 period in 1919 replaced the central theory in the past, “the theory of social evolution.” on the same context, “the theory of relativity” was regarded to be of a newly concluded issue for rationalization of modernity. Therefore, this paper regarded the dispersion of “the theory of relativity” in the 1920s not as a representation of diffusion of new scientific knowledge in the knowledge-based society in China but as a symbol of situation when a view of the world related to the previous main ideology of competition-oriented evolution in the transition of values and a view of the world. Hereupon, a view of the world related to relativity started being diffused instead of blind modernism in the political discourse and cultural theory. Therefore, many of the political and cultural theories emerged based on them. Evolution with revitalization, anarchism and nihilism receiving attention from intellectual discourse in China in the 1920s were based on the perspective of relativity forming the flow of anti-national, anti-central, and anti-modern knowledge.