신중국 초기 인식론적 권위의 탐색-1953년 마오쩌둥(毛澤東)의 량슈밍(梁漱溟) 비판을 중심으로
A Study on the Epistemic Authority in the Early Years of New China: Focused on Mao Zedong’s Criticism of Liang Shuming in 1953
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This paper asks what strategy Mao Zedong employed for criticizing Liang Shuming in 1953. By raising the issue of Liang’s anti-CCP (Chinese Communist Party) activities before the establishment of New China, Mao undermined Liang’s credibility, and this gave proper reasons to the criticism of Liang. But, still more importantly, Mao pointed out Liang never confessed his own faults in public and tried to put the past behind him. Considering the early years of New China and the emergence of new social order, it seems that self-criticism in public functioned as a ritual, which produced a homogeneity and a solidarity between people. As a result, no one trusted him although he undoubtedly supported the CCP in the 1950s. Liang lost the chance of improving his credibility when he overlooked the function of self-criticism as a ritual. The author relates this to the issue of epistemic authority. Credibility was core to acquire an epistemic authority, and self-criticism in public is the best way to get one’s trust in the early years of New China.
Abstract
This paper asks what strategy Mao Zedong employed for criticizing Liang Shuming in 1953. By raising the issue of Liang’s anti-CCP (Chinese Communist Party) activities before the establishment of New China, Mao undermined Liang’s credibility, and this gave proper reasons to the criticism of Liang. But, still more importantly, Mao pointed out Liang never confessed his own faults in public and tried to put the past behind him. Considering the early years of New China and the emergence of new social order, it seems that self-criticism in public functioned as a ritual, which produced a homogeneity and a solidarity between people. As a result, no one trusted him although he undoubtedly supported the CCP in the 1950s. Liang lost the chance of improving his credibility when he overlooked the function of self-criticism as a ritual. The author relates this to the issue of epistemic authority. Credibility was core to acquire an epistemic authority, and self-criticism in public is the best way to get one’s trust in the early years of New China.
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