부패의 통제와 재정지출의 효율성에 관한 국가 간 실증분석
A Cross-Country Study on the Relationship between Control of Corruption and Efficiency of Government Expenditure
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본 연구에서는 국가 간 통계자료를 이용하여 부패의 통제가 재정지출의 효율성에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 여기서 부패의 통제는 거버넌스(governance)의 측정치 중 하나이며, 재정지출의 효율성은 재정지출의 투입 대비 행정·교육·기반시설·안정과 관련된 산출을 근거해 Angelopoulos et al.(2008)의 연구에서 제공한 자료이다. 실증분석 결과 한 국가의 부패의 통제는 전반적인 재정지출의 효율성에 대체로 통계적으로 유의한 양(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 관측되었다. 또한 모형의 선택이나 추정방법에 관계없이 한 국가의 부패의 통제는 기반시설에 대한 재정지출의 효율성과 양(+)의 관계를 형성하는 것으로 파악되었다. 그러나 교육에 대한 재정지출의 효율성은 부패의 통제에 의해 전혀 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 부패를 척결하려는 노력에 있어 재정지출의 기능별로 다른 기준을 설정해야 함을 시사한다. 특히 교육과 관련된 재정지출에 비해 기반시설과 관련된 재정지출의 투입과 산출에 더 엄격한 기준을 설정해야 한다.
Abstract
Using cross-country data, this paper examines the relationship between control of corruption and efficiency of government expenditure. The control of corruption is represented by a plausible dimension of governance indicators, compiled by Kaufmann et al. (2005). In addition, the efficiency of government expenditure is measured by public sector efficiency based on the 4 policy areas, such as administration, infrastructure, education and stability, which is provided by Angelopoulos et al. (2008). Regression results generally suggest that a country's control of corruption is significantly and positively associated with the efficiency of government expenditure. Also, the control of corruption has a positive impact on the efficiency in the policy area of infrastructure, regardless of estimation methods and model specifications. However, the efficiency in the policy area of eduction does not affected by the control of corruption.
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