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진성리더십이 부하의 조직시민행동에 미치는 영향 : 심리적 욕구만족의 매개효과

A Study on the Effect of Authentic Leadership on Organizational Behavior Citizenship : Mediation Effect of Basic Need Satisfaction

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초록

진성리더십을 구성원이 인지하였을 때, 조직 내에 긍정적인 영향이 있음을 입증하는 연구가 증가하고 있음에도 불구하고, 아직까지 진성리더십과 조직시민행동 간의 구성원의심리적 욕구만족에 대한 매개효과 연구는 전무한 상황이다. 이에 본 연구는 자기결정이론에서 제시하는 자율적 동기체계를 통하여 부하가 직속상사의 진성리더십을 인지했을 때, 그들의 욕구만족을 충족시켜 조직시민행동에 긍정적인 영향을 줄 것으로 제안한다. 이를실증하기 위하여 400명의 구성원을 대상으로 2회에 걸친 온라인 설문을 진행하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 진성리더십은 조직시민행동에 정(+)의 관계가 있었다. 둘째, 진성리더십은 구성원의 욕구만족에 정(+)의 관계가 있었다. 셋째, 구성원의 욕구만족은 조직시민행동에 정(+)의 관계가 있었다. 마지막으로 욕구만족은 진성리더십과 조직시민행동 간의 관계를 매개하는 효과가 있었다. 본 연구는 국내 최초로 진성리더십이조직시민행동에 미치는 과정에서 구성원의 욕구만족이라는 심리적 기제의 매개효과를확인하였다는 점에서 이론적 의의가 있다. 이러한 연구결과를 토대로 조직에서 진성리더십 이론을 확대 적용할 수 있도록 다양한 이론적 또는 실무적 시사점을 제시하고 미래연구 방향을 제안하였다.

Abstract

Despite increasing scholarly attention to authentic leadership and organizational citizenship behavior(OCB), there are almost no empirical studies on the psychological process of the individual employee. Therefore, this study suggests that authentic leaders will positively impact OCB by basic needs satisfaction of employees composed of autonomy, competence, and relatedness through the autonomous motivation system presented in self-determination theory. For this purpose, the online survey was conducted two-times with 400 members. The results of the study are as follows. First, authentic leadership had a positive relationship with OCB. Second, authentic leadership had a positive relationship with basic need satisfaction. Third, basic need satisfaction had a positive relationship with OCB. Finally, basic need satisfaction had a mediating effect on the relationship between authentic leadership and OCB. This study is of theoretical significance in that it confirmed the mediating effect of basic need satisfaction for the first time in Korea in the process of authentic leadership on OCB. Based on these research results, various theoretical or practical implications were presented, and future research directions were proposed so that the authentic leadership theory could be expanded and applied in the organization.

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