브라질 중산층 액티비즘의 등장과 민족정체성 변환의 역동성: 종족민족주의에서 시민민족주의로
The Emergence of Middle-class Activism and the Dynamics of National Identity Transition in Brazil: From Ethnic Nationalism to Civic Nationalism
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연구 목적: 본 연구는 브라질의 중산층 액티비즘이 어떻게 브라질의 정체성 담론에 영향을 끼쳤는지를 2013년 브라질의 반정부시위 사례를 통해 도출하고자 했다. 연구 방법: 이를 위해 새로운 가설을 창출해 내는 가설생성적 연구혹은 탐색적 연구의 일환으로 광범위한 문헌검토를 실시하였다. 연구 내용: 종족적･시민적 정체성 모델에 대한 논의를 진행한 후 중산층 액티비즘과 집합적 정체성간의 관계에 대한 이론적 고찰을 시도했다. 이어서 20세기 민족건설 과정을 고찰함으로써 브라질의 정체성 담론이 주로 종족적 모델에 의거했음을 제시하였으며, 중산층 액티비즘을 특징으로 한 네트워크화된 반정부시위 사례와 시민적 정체성 부상과의 관계를 고찰하였다. 결론 및 제언: 본 연구는 집단정체성이 사회운동의 종속변수로서 분석 가능하다는 새로운 이론적 시사점을 제시한다는 점에서 의의가 있으나, 향후 실증분석을 위해 현지조사, 설문조사와 같은 능동적 연구방법이 필수적임을 제시한다.
Abstract
This study examined how Brazil's middle-class activism influenced Brazil's identity discourse through the case of Brazil's anti-government protests in 2013. To this end, an extensive literature review was conducted. After discussing the ethnic and civic identity model, a theoretical review of the relationship between middle-class activism and collective identity was attempted. Subsequently, this paper discussed the relationship between networked anti-government protest characterized by middle-class activism and the emergence of civil identity was examined. This study is meaningful in that it presents new theoretical implications associated with middle class activism and identity change, but active research methods such as field research and survey are essential for future empirical analysis.
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