중국어 내부·외부경동사의 분포와 의미 해석
On the Distribution and Interpretation of Inner and Outer Light Verbs in Chinese
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본고는 제도 이론의 관점에서 두 가지 유형의 중국어 경동사를 구분한다. 외부 경동사는 주로 사건 층위의 인과성과 관련이 있는 반면, 내부경동사는 활동 층위의 동반성과 관련이 있다. 이러한 구분은 재귀부사어와 의문부사어가 갖는 내부와 외부의 이분법적 개념과 깊은 연관성을 가질 뿐만 아니라 ‘해석의 높이’도 반영한다. 그리고 경험적 배경을 바탕으로 내부경동사와 외부경동사를 한 문장에서 하나로 연결하여, 인과성과 동반성, 수동성, 피영향성의 의미 사이에 존재하는 흥미로운 관계를 조사함으로써 본고의 이론을 점검한다. 이러한 동사 이동을 통해 어휘 층위부터 좌연 구조에 이르는 중국어의 문장구조에 관한 명시적인 조감도를 확립할 수 있도록 한다. 본 연구는 중국어의 독특한 유형론적 특성을 제시함과 동시에 생성문법의 틀 안에서 문법화의 계층적 분석을 위한 훌륭한 자료가 된다.
Abstract
This paper distinguishes two types of Chinese light verbs from the vantage point of the cartographic approach: Outer light verbs mainly involve causality on the eventuality level, whereas inner light verbs are related to comitativity on the activity level. This distinction has a deep conceptual connection to the inner-outer dichotomy between reflexive and wh-adverbials, which in turn is taken to reflect the so-called “the height of interpretation”. The next step is to test our theory on empirical grounds by stringing inner and outer light verbs together in one sentence, and by investigating the intriguing relationship among causative, comitative, passive and affective construals. This move enables us to establish an explicit topography from the lexical layer to the left periphery of Chinese sentential structure. What we find in this study not only demonstrates the unique typological features of Chinese, but also provides excellent materials for a hierarchical analysis of grammaticalization within the framework of generative grammar.
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