균형성과표(BSC)와 자료포락분석(DEA)을 활용한 경찰성과측정시스템 개발: 서울경찰청 사례연구
Developing a Police Performance Measurement System by Integrating the Balanced Scorecard Approach and the Data Envelopment Analysis: A Case Study of Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency
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초록
이 연구는 대표적인 성과관리 기법인 균형성과표(Balanced Scorecard)와 자료포락분석(Data Envelopment Analysis)을 결합하여 향상된 경찰성과평가시스템을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 균형성과표(BSC)는 경찰조직의 비전과 전략목표 실현을 위해 4가지의 균형 잡인 관점에서 성과를 측정 및 관리할 수 있는 개념적 틀을 제공하고, 자료포락분석(DEA)는 수학에 기반한 비모수적 방법으로 제안된 개념 틀을 과학적으로 분석하는 도구로 사용되었다. 특히, 이 연구에서는 Slack Based Measure (SBM)에 기반한 Dynamic-Network DEA 모형을 채택하여, 서울경찰청 산하 31개 경찰서를 대상으로 분석 모형에 대한 사례 연구를 실시하였다. 종합적인 성과평가 결과 뿐만 아니라 재무·학습과 성장·내부프로세스·고객 등 4가지 관점의 횡단·시계열 성과평가 결과를 모두 제시하였다. 또한, 상대적으로 효율적이지 못하다고 평가된 경찰서에서 대해서는 효율적으로 운용되기 위한 실질적인 대안을 제시하였다.
Abstract
This study set out to present an enhanced performance measurement system for police agencies by integrating the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approaches. The BSC provides the theoretical foundation for building a comprehensive performance measurement framework, while the DEA provides the analytical tool to test the theoretical framework. A case-study approach was used to assess the feasibility of the integrated performance measurement system; to critically examine the ways in which performance information can be used for performance management in police agencies; and to put forward some recommendations regarding its successful application in practice. Police stations under the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency (SMPA) were chosen for conducting this case study. The Dynamic-Network DEA, with assumptions of input-orientation, variable returns-to-scale (VRS), and slack-based measure (SBM), was run to estimate the proposed police performance measurement model. The DN DEA presented the overall performance over the entire observed period as well as dynamic changes of the perspective-period performance. The DN DEA also presents the practical ways in which inefficient police stations become more efficient by reporting the specific benchmarking objects and the target input and output levels for the inefficient police stations.
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