신자유주의 정부개혁의 조건: 구조, 이념 및 문화
Conditions of Neoliberal Government Reform: Structure, Ideology and Culture
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본 논문은 신자유주의 이념에 기초한 정부개혁의 다양한 특징들이 높은 수준으로 나타날 수 있는 조건을 탐색하였다. 먼저 신자유주의 정부개혁의 특징을 정부규제, 민영화, 정부규모로 제시한 뒤 사회경제구조, 이념, 사회문화에 초점을 맞추어 이들의 상대적 영향력을 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 먼저 신자유주의 정부개혁의 특징들이 높은 수준을 나타내기 위한 조건이 상이함을 알 수 있었다. 즉 낮은 정부규제수준은 사회경제적 구조와 문화적 요인에 의해 영향을 받는다. 반면 높은 민영화수준은 사회구조변수에 의해서만 영향을 받는다. 한편 정부규모의 축소는 사회경제구조와 문화적 요인 외에 이념변수에 의해서도 영향을 받는다는 점에서 앞의 두 가지 특징들과 구분된다. 이와 같이 세 가지 신자유주의 정부개혁의 특징들에 영향을 미치는 변수는 동일하지 않으며 이는 특정 조건에서 신자유주의 정부개혁이 추구하는 다양한 특징들이 동시에 높은 수준으로 구현되는 것이 어려울 수 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
This study tried to explore conditions that characteristics of government reform, based on neoliberalism, can be embodied at the high level. First of all, I suggested three dimensions as characteristics of neoliberal government reform such as government regulation, privatization and government size, and analyzed relative influence of three explanatory categories, focusing on socio-economic structure, political ideology and social culture. Findings are that there are differences in conditions which each characteristics of neoliberal government reform is dominantly appeared. Deregulation is influenced by socio-economic structure and cultural factor, while privatizations is only dependent on socio-economic structure. And reduction of government size is influenced by socio-economic sturcture, culture and ideological variable, which it is distinguished from other characteristics. As mentioned above, variables that influence on each characteristics of neoliberal government reform are not same. This result implies that in a certain condition, it is difficult that different characteristics of neoliberal government reform are highly realized at the same time.
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