영국과 호주의 중앙정부 정부개혁에 관한 소고: 역사적 신제도주의적 관점을 중심으로
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1980년대 이후부터 세계 각국들은 신자유주의와 신공공관리를 토대로 정부개혁 추진하고 있다. 선진국들의 경우를 살펴보면 국제적 환경 변화와 함께 유사한 국가적 성격과 체제에도 불구하고 차별화된 정부개혁이 추진되고 있다. 이러한 맥락에서 본 연구의 목적은 행정환경의 변화 속에서 역사적 신제도주의 관점을 토대로 영국과 호주의 정부개혁이 유사성과 차별성을 설명하고 정부개혁과정에서 제도의 역할을 살펴보는 것이다. ‘신자유주의’ 그리고 ‘제3의길’에 의하여 정부개혁을 추진한 영국과 호주의 정부개혁을 비교분석하였다. 정부개혁은 환경에 변화에 따라 이루어지기 보다는 이념으로서의 제도인 ‘신자유주의’와 그리고 ‘제3의길’과 행위자들 간의 상호작용에 의해 정부개혁이 이루어짐을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구의 정책적 함의는 정부개혁에서 이념으로서의 제도가 중요하기에 이념의 명확화 및 구체화가 중요하며, 이러한 이념을 각 행위자들이 서로 잘 공유하는 것이다.
Abstract
This paper is to examine the government reform efforts in the U.K and Australia in the perspective of historical institutionalism. Since 1980s, various government reform efforts based on neo-liberalism and new public management were made. This paper discusses similarity and difference in the process of government reform by focusing on the idea as an institution. In this paper, the idea such as the third way and neo-liberalism make an impact on government reform efforts in the U.K. and Australia. The policy implication of this paper is that creative pragmatism of MB government should be clarified and concrete for governing Korean government and society.
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