L’alternance codique et le mélange des codes anglais et français en français contemporain
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The study analyzes the use of English by native speakers ofThe study analyzes the use of English by native speakers of French in French newspaper articles and on the French radio and television fifty years after Etiemble’s study, published in 1964under the title Parlez-vous franglais?, revealed to the Frenchpublic the negative impact of English on the French language andlead the French government to launch in 1966 a language policybased, inter alia, on the enrichment of the French lexicon. Examples of code switching and code mixing in the French mediawere collected between January and April 2014. Among the mostcommon forms of code switching, the speaker/writer uses Englishwords, phrases or sentences, respecting English word order andEnglish grammar, followed or not by free explanations in Frenchor occasionally by the official equivalents that the English wordshave received from Ministerial Terminology Commissions with theapproval of the French Academy. Code mixing is using Englishwords in French sentences according to French grammar rules. Despite the official policy of promoting the French language andlaws on the use of the French language, French governmentofficials started in the 1990s to openly use English and promoteEnglish in France and abroad. This behavioural pattern was alsoobserved in many French companies where English replacedFrench in official interactions between managers and managersand workers. The impact of English on the French language andsociety is today manyfold: the official French terms to use insteadof English ones are often ignored; English terms are perceived ashaving a richer meaning than their equivalents in French; the needto show that one knows English in France is quite common evenamong Government officials; linguistic insecurity among Frenchspeakers is evidenced by their need to mention English terms,occasionally with their official French equivalents, or to useEnglish words when French words are available; linguisticinsecurity is also evidenced by errors made by French speakers inEnglish; new phonemes have been incorporated into the Frenchlanguage that not all French speakers have mastered; currentsocial discontent is also rooted in linguistic alienation. Contrary tostudies of languages in contact, which differentiate status andcorpus interferences, the evidence provided in this paper showsthat the status of English in French society does impact the corpusof the French language.
Abstract
The study analyzes the use of English by native speakers ofThe study analyzes the use of English by native speakers of French in French newspaper articles and on the French radio and television fifty years after Etiemble’s study, published in 1964under the title Parlez-vous franglais?, revealed to the Frenchpublic the negative impact of English on the French language andlead the French government to launch in 1966 a language policybased, inter alia, on the enrichment of the French lexicon. Examples of code switching and code mixing in the French mediawere collected between January and April 2014. Among the mostcommon forms of code switching, the speaker/writer uses Englishwords, phrases or sentences, respecting English word order andEnglish grammar, followed or not by free explanations in Frenchor occasionally by the official equivalents that the English wordshave received from Ministerial Terminology Commissions with theapproval of the French Academy. Code mixing is using Englishwords in French sentences according to French grammar rules. Despite the official policy of promoting the French language andlaws on the use of the French language, French governmentofficials started in the 1990s to openly use English and promoteEnglish in France and abroad. This behavioural pattern was alsoobserved in many French companies where English replacedFrench in official interactions between managers and managersand workers. The impact of English on the French language andsociety is today manyfold: the official French terms to use insteadof English ones are often ignored; English terms are perceived ashaving a richer meaning than their equivalents in French; the needto show that one knows English in France is quite common evenamong Government officials; linguistic insecurity among Frenchspeakers is evidenced by their need to mention English terms,occasionally with their official French equivalents, or to useEnglish words when French words are available; linguisticinsecurity is also evidenced by errors made by French speakers inEnglish; new phonemes have been incorporated into the Frenchlanguage that not all French speakers have mastered; currentsocial discontent is also rooted in linguistic alienation. Contrary tostudies of languages in contact, which differentiate status andcorpus interferences, the evidence provided in this paper showsthat the status of English in French society does impact the corpusof the French language.
참고문헌 (8)
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