중국의 14차 5개년 계획에 관한 일고찰_한중일 비교연구
A study on the Chinese 14th Five-Year Plan: Comparative analysis with Korea and Japan
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초록
중국 정부는 14차 5개년 계획(2021~2025)을 준비하면서 일차적 목표로는 고소득 국가로의 진입이라는 경제 목표를 설정했지만 정부는 소득불평등의 완화 및 국민 삶의 질향상을 동시에 추진하고 있다. 중국 정부의 경제일변도 정책 목표 수립에서 국민 삶의질 향상으로의 방향 전환은 획기적이다. 한국과 일본의 경제개발 과정을 돌이켜보면 중국의 방향전환은 일국의 경제발전 단계를 놓고 볼 때 놀라운 일이 아님을 알 수 있다. 본고에서는 중국의 1만 달러 도달 과정의 특징을 거버넌스 지표 체계를 활용하여살펴보았다. 이어서 한국과 일본이 1만 달러 도달 시점에서 경제 및 사회적 측면에서어떤 변화가 있었는지 고찰함으로써 한중일 3국의 공통점 및 차이점을 알아보았다. 이를 통해 중국 정부가 14차 5개년 계획 수립 시 고려해야 할 사항과 그 해결 방안을고찰하고자 한다.
Abstract
While preparing for the 14th Five-Year Plan (2021 ~ 2025), the Chinese government set an economic goal of entering a high-income country as its primary goal. At the same time, the Chinese government is trying to improve the quality of life of the Chinese people as well as to reduce income inequality. The Chinese government's shift from economic first policy to pursuing socio-economic development seems to be dramatic. Looking back on the economic development process of Korea and Japan, we can see that China's policy shift is not surprising given the stage of economic development of China. This paper examines the characteristics of China's devlopment process using the Governance Indicator. We will analyse both common factors and differences of Korea, Japan and China by examining what happened when these three countries reached US$ 10,000. Based on the analysis result, we will make some suggestions for the Chinese government to establish the 14th Five-Year Plan.
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