전간기 “사회신용” 운동과 빈곤의 재구성: 클리포드 더글러스의 정치경제학

Abstract

This paper provides a critical historical examination of Major Clifford Douglas's "Social Credit" movement within the context of interwar economic and political thought. The study analyzes how Douglas' economic theory challenged both neoclassical economics and Keynesian approaches by proposing that chronic purchasing power deficiencies － represented by his "A+B theorem" － required social credit as a solution rather than traditional employment- focused policies. The research traces three key developments. First, it examines how the concept of poverty was reconceptualized from traditional land-based inequality structures to employment and wage issues during the rise of neoclassical economics and the Keynesian revolution. Second, it analyzes Douglas's alternative economic framework, which viewed money as an information system rather than a value, proposing social credit distribution to address the gap between production costs and purchasing power. Third, it explores the global political expansion of the Social Credit movement, particularly its implementation in Alberta, Canada. The study reveals that while Douglas’ "Social Credit" shared surface similarities with basic income proposals, it fundamentally differed by targeting purchasing power deficiencies rather than wage supplementation. The movement's appeal stemmed not from its economic sophistication but from its resonance with interwar non-conformist and technocratic affect that sought alternatives to both democracy/ capitalism and socialism.