본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

유럽 자동차산업의 대EU 로비전략: 한국, 일본, 미국과의 FTA를 중심으로

European Lobbying of European Car Industries: Case studies of EU's FTA with Korea, Japan and USA

강유덕
한국유럽학회 (The Korean Society Of Contemporary European Studies)|2015.09|유럽연구 (The Journal of Contemporary European Studies)|제33권 제2호|pp. 1-48|DOI 10.17052/jces.2015.33.2.1

0

조회

0

다운로드

2

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

자동차산업Korea-EU FTA무역협정Car industry한⋅EU FTAEU 로비EU⋅일본 FTA범대서양무역⋅투자동반자협정European lobbyingTrade agreementEU-Japan FTATransatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP)
주제분류지역학

초록

본 연구는 EU가 한국, 일본, 미국과 추진한 자유무역협정(FTA)에 대한 유럽 자동차업계의 로비를 분석하였다. 자동차 산업은 유럽통합의 초창기부터 산업계와 규제당국간의 협력이 발달해 온 분야로 대기업 및 산업단체를 주축으로 왕성한 대EU 기관 로비를 벌여왔다. 유럽자동차협회(ACEA)는 유럽 자동차업계를 대표하면서 자동차 관련 규제에 있어서 EU 집행위원회와 협력적 관계를 유지해 왔다. ACEA는 EU가 한국, 일본과 추진한 FTA에 대해서는 매우 비판적이거나 방어적 입장의 로비를 실시하였다. 반면에, 미국과의 FTA인 범대서양 무역⋅투자협정(TTIP)에있어서는 적극적인 참여자로서 협조적인 자세를 보였다. 특히 TTIP에서는 정책결정에직접 참여할 수 있는 전향적 로비가 가능함에 따라 한⋅EU FTA와 EU⋅일본 FTA에서 보였던 방어적 자세와 대중매체 동원을 위한 홍보전략을 취하지 않았다. TTIP에 대한이러한 로비는 업계의 전략적 결정 외에도 오랜 기간 지속된 규제협력의 경험, EU 집행위원회와 미 무역대표부가 FTA 협상 이전부터 양측 업계를 협상의 측면 테이블에 최대한 참여시키기로 결정한 데에도 그 원인을 찾을 수 있다.

Abstract

This study reviews European car industries' lobby to EU's FTAs with Korea, Japan and USA. Largely composed of large companies or industrial groups, European car makers have been very active players in European lobbying from the very early stage of European integration. They have managed closed relation with European authorities in regulation setting in automobile sector. Representing European car industries vis-à-vis the European institutions, European Automobile Manufacturers' Association (ACEA) has been closely involved in consultation process in industrial regulation at EU level. ACEA has shown very critical and defensive style of lobbying to EU's FTAs with Korea and Japan, while it has been very cooperative for EU's negotiation with the USA in view of Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP). For the latter, ACEA has never expressed negative views or opposing opinions and it has advocated that US regulations related to car industries are equivalent to those of the EU in their objectives and effectiveness. This difference in lobbying to different FTAs stems from several factors, such as the strategic decision of the ACEA, European trade surplus in automobile sector vis-à-vis the US and long-dated experiences of transatlantic cooperation in regulatory dialogue. It is noteworthy that from the beginning the European Commission and US Trade Representative invited the both European and American associations of car makers to the sideline of the negotiation of TTIP as active participants.

참고문헌 (60)

  1. 강문성, "한국의 FTA 추진현황과 추진전략의 남은 과제", CFE Report, (103) (2009)
  2. 󰡔EU 로비(European Lobbying)의 현황과 사례연구, "강유덕", 대외경제정책연구원, ~, pp.대외경제정책연구원 지역연구시리즈 10-02 (2010)
  3. 강유덕, "EU 통상정책 형성과정에서 산업단체의 역할: 글로벌 유럽전략과 한⋅EU FTA를 중심으로", 유럽연구, 30(3), pp.31~64 (2012), 한국유럽학회
  4. 강유덕, "대내·외 경제여건 변화에 따른 EU 통상정책의 변화", EU연구, (34), pp.31~80 (2013), EU연구소
  5. 강유덕, "미⋅EU FTA(TTIP)협상 현황과 전망", 월간 농업 (2014)
  6. 김영귀, "미⋅EU FTA의 전망과 영향", KIEP 오늘의 세계경제, (13-06) (2013), 대외경제정책연구원
  7. "AAPC and ACEA Joint Submission in Support of Automotive Regulatory Harmonization in a European Union-United States Trade and Investment Agreement" (2012)[URL]
  8. "AAPC-ACEA Joint Submission in Response to USTR’s Request for Comments Concerning Proposed Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) Agreement" (2013)[URL]
  9. ACEA, "The Automobile Industry Pocket Guide 2013", ~ (2013)
  10. ACEA, "The Automobile Industry Pocket Guide 2015-2016", ~ (2015)
  11. [URL]
  12. "New Registrations in Europe (EU+EFTA)"[URL]
  13. "Free trade agreement with South Korea must follow EU principles of mutual benefit and fair market access" (2008)[URL]
  14. ACEA, "European automobile industry requests EU to suspend trade negotiations with South Korea", ~ (2009)
  15. "EU governments must denounce unfair competition to European industries in trade conditions for South Korea" (2009)[URL]
  16. "Open Letter to EU Member States on FTA South Korea" (2009)[URL]
  17. "Trade deal with Korea goes against the interest of major European industries and their work force" (2009)[URL]
  18. "Auto industry welcomes Parliament’s vote for stronger safeguards in connection to trade deal with South Korea" (2010)[URL]
  19. "Auto industry underlines conditional nature of today’s Council decision on free trade agreement with South Korea" (2010)[URL]
  20. "Scoping exercise’ for assessing trade negotiations EU-Japan must cover all relevant fields" (2011)[URL]
  21. "Auto industry sceptical about benefits of EU/Japan Free Trade Agreement"[URL]
  22. "ACEA Position on the launch of free trade talks between the EU and Japan" (2012)[URL]
  23. "EU-Japan, Industry calls for elimination of NTBs" (2013)[URL]
  24. "ACEA on the launch of Free Trade Agreement negotiations between the EU and Japan" (2013)[URL]
  25. "15th Annual ACEA-JAMA Consultation"[URL]
  26. Alter-EU, "The Commission's Lobby Register One Year On: Sucess or Failure?", ~ (2009)
  27. Aspinwall, Mark, "Collective Action in the European Union: Interests and the New Politics of Associability" (1998), Routledge
  28. "Hyundai to join European automakers lobby group" (2011)[URL]
  29. "Toyota hopes to enter ACEA in 2007" (2007)[URL]
  30. Coen, David, "The evolution of the large firm as a political actor in the European Union", Journal of European Public Policy, 4(1), pp.91~108 (1997)
  31. Coen, David, "The European Business Interest and the Nation State: Large-firm Lobbying in the European Union and Member States", Journal of Public Policy, 18(1), pp.75~100 (1998)
  32. Lobbying in the European Union, "Coen, David", European Parliament, ~, pp.Briefing Paper PE 393.266 (2007)
  33. Coen, David, "Lobbying the Euroepan Union: Institutions, Actors and Issues" (2009), Oxford University Press
  34. Coen, David, "Lobbying the Euroepan Union: Institutions, Actors and Issues" (2009), Oxford University Press
  35. Copenhagen Economics, "The barriers to trade and investment between the EU and Japan", ~ (2010)
  36. "Car industry flexes its muscles, Commission bows down, Briefing paper" (2007)[URL]
  37. Deloitte Belgium, "EU-Japan Free Trade Agreement Impact Assessment on the Automotive Industry" (2012)
  38. Non-Tariff Measures in EU-US Trade and Investmen - An Economic Analysis, "Ecorys", ~ (2009)
  39. "France and Italy win safeguard clause in EU-Japan trade pact" (2012)[URL]
  40. Global Europe: Competing in the World - A Contribution to the EU's Growth and Jobs Strategy, "European Commission", ~, pp.COM(2006) 567 (2006)
  41. A Competitive Automotive Regulatory System for the 21st century, "European Commission", CARS 21, ~ (2006)
  42. A European Strategy on Clean and Energy Efficient Vehicles, "European Commission", ~, pp.COM(2010)186 final (2010)
  43. Proposal for regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council implementing the bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Korea Free Trade Agreement, "European Commission", ~, pp.COM(2010) 49 fina (2010)
  44. European Commission., "Commission Decision of 14 October 2010 relaunching of the CARS21 High Level Group on the Competitiveness and Sustainable Growth of the Automotive Industry in the European Union", ~ (2010)
  45. European Commission., "Trade, Growth and World Affairs: Trade Policy as a Core Component of the EU's 2020 Strategy", ~ (2010)
  46. CARS21 High Level Group on the Competitive and Sustainable Growth of the Automotive Industry in the European Union, "European Commission", ~ (2012)
  47. Action Plan for the EU automotive industry in 2020, "European Commission", ~, pp.MEMO (2012), 12[DOI]
  48. "EU-Japan Free Trade Agreement: Commissioner De Gucht welcomes Member States’ green light to start negotiations" (2012)[URL]
  49. "Vehicles in TTIP: Creating a transatlantic market for cars and trucks" (2013)[URL]
  50. "TTIP Regulatory Issues" (2014)[URL]
  51. "EU-Korea Economic Relation"[URL]
  52. Lobbying in the European Union: Current Rules and Practices, "European Parliament.", ~, pp.Working Paper 04-2003 (2003)
  53. Amendments 30-130, Draft report Paolo Zalba Bidegain on the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council implementing the bilateral safeguard clause of the EU-Korea Free Trade Agreement, "European Commission", ~, pp.2010 (2010), 0032 (COD)
  54. Guéguen, Daniel, "European Lobbying, Europolitics" (2007)
  55. Moguen-Toursel, Marine, "La construction collective des normes automobiles dans un cadre européen" (2009), Mimeo
  56. "Organisation Internationale des Constructeurs d'Automobiles" (2015)[URL]
  57. "EU-Japan trade deal - rhetoric not reality" (2011)[URL]
  58. "Europe's ailing carmakers seek overcapacity fix" (2012)[URL]
  59. "Toyota to join European auto lobby ACEA in 2008" (2007)[URL]
  60. "WTO Tariff Data"[URL]

관련 논문AI추천

EU 통상정책 형성과정에서 산업단체의 역할: 글로벌 유럽전략과 한⋅EU FTA를 중심으로강유덕한국유럽학회 · 유럽연구2012 · 제30권 제3호한-EU FTA가 한국 자동차업계에 주는 정책적 시사점이종원한국유럽학회 · 유럽연구2010 · 제28권 제1호EU 의사결정 과정에서 지역로비의 패턴에 관한 연구: 한국 조선 산업 사례를 중심으로이종원, Sung-Won Yoon한국유럽학회 · 유럽연구2004 · 제18권 한ㆍEU FTA 체결 이후 한국 자동차산업의 경쟁환경과 정책과제이두환국가안보전략연구원 · 국가안보와 전략2009 · 제9권 제2호A Study on the Political Economy of Korea-EU FTA Negotiation and Policy Implications for Korea방청록한국유럽학회 · 유럽연구2008 · 제26권 제2호EU의 FTA 전략과 한-EU FTA 및 EU-일본 EPA의 쟁점 연구김현정한국세계지역학회 · 세계지역연구논총2020 · 제38권 제1호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (14건)

19세기 독일 자유주의의 정치적 초상: 반서구주의의 독일적 기원김동하pp. 49-76The EU's Tourism Policy for Sustainable Development: From the Perspective of Social Tourism김현정pp. 77-116The Dual Identity of Second Generation Turkish Muslims in Germany: The Role of Islam in Identity Shaping박세미, 이규영pp. 117-142시민권에 따른 독일 젠더평등정책의 변화박채복pp. 143-167공영방송의 거버넌스 논의를 위한 탐색적 연구: 독일의 사례를 중심으로박태순, 서명준pp. 169-190
원문 보기