한국의 경제행복지수 측정에 관한 연구
The Measurement of the EconomicHappy Index in South Korea
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경제행복지수에 관한 기존의 연구로는 OECD 국가들을 대상으로 분석한 Osberg and Sharpe (2002)를 들 수 있으나 본 연구는 Osberg and Sharpe의 연구보다 좀 더 정교하고 한국적 특징을 포함하는 경제행복지수의 측정을 시도하였다. 먼저, 경제행복지수를 구성하는 항목의 선정을 위해 전문가 서베이를 시도하였으며, 한국적 특수상황을 포함하기 위해 기존의 연구에서 사용한 변수들외에 교육, 사회안정, 주거안전 등 경제적 안정부문에 대한 변수들을 포함하였다. 분석방법론에서도 기존의 연구는 경제행복지수의 산정을 위해 변수들의 가중치를 동일하게 적용하였으나 본 연구에서는 계층분석과정(Analytic Hierarchy Process, AHP)을 통해 각 변수들의 중요도를 달리하였다. 2003년부터 2010년 사이의 한국의 데이터를 사용하여 분석한 경제행복지수 산정결과에 의하면 경제성장률과 경제행복지수와의 괴리는 상당히 큰 것으로 나타나 경제성장 자체가 국민의 경제행복을 증진시키는 것은 아니라는 사실이 확인되었다. 더욱이 경제행복을 높이기 위해서는 지속적인 경제성장외에도 교육, 건강 및 의료, 고용확대, 소득분배의 개선 등의 복지강화가 중요한 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
The present literature for the economic happy index is Osberg and Sharpe(2002)'s paper which employ OECD countries. In this paper, we try to measure the economic happy index which includes more sophisticated than that paper and is fit for characteristics in Korean economic situations. Most of all, we try to survey professionals to decide variables in the economic happy index. In addition, we adopt variables of the economic stability such as education, living and housing stability etc. In the methodology, we give weights each variable using AHP analysis but existing papers give the same weights for the variable. Results shows the huge gap between the economic growth and the economic happy index when we use Korean data from the year of 2003 to that of 2010. There we confirm that the economic growth can not guarantee the enhancement of economic happiness. Moreover, improvement of the well-being, reinforcement of education and health, the improvement of income distribution and employment are essential to increase economic happiness.
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