성장기 학대경험이 성년기 사회관계에 미치는 영향
The Effects of Childhood Abuse Experience on the Adult Social Relationships
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본 연구는 성장기 학대경험이 성년기 사회관계에 어떤 부정적 영향을 미치는지를 규명하는데 목적을 두었다. 이를 위해 성장기 학대는 신체적, 정서적, 성적 학대로 구분하고, 성년기 사회관계는 신뢰, 참여, 네트워크로 구분하여 학대 강도별, 학대 유형별 인과성을 분석하였다. 「2012 한국종합사회조사」자료의 전국 성인 남녀 953명을 대상으로 한 분석결과, ① 성인 56%가 18세 이전에 적게는 1개, 많게는 10개까지의 신체적, 정서적, 성적 학대를 중복적으로 경험한 것으로 나타났다. 학대 유형별 수준에 있어서는 신체적 학대(46.5%), 정서적 학대(38.2%), 성적 학대(7.5%) 순으로 나타났다. ② 성장기 학대가 성년기 사회관계에 미치는 부정적 영향은 사회관계의 양적 변수(단체참여, 관계빈도)에는 나타나지 않고 질적 변수(신뢰, 관계상황 인식, 관계농도)에만 나타났다. ③ 성장기 학대경험 강도에 따라 성년기 사회관계의 질적 수준에 차이를 보였다. 복합적 학대 경험이 많을수록 신뢰, 일반인 관계상황 인식, 관계농도가 낮게 나타났다. ④ 성장기 학대경험 유형별 성년기 사회관계의 질에 미치는 부정적 영향은 정서적, 성적, 신체적 학대 순으로 나타났다. 단, 대인관계 자신감을 나타내는 관계상황 인식에는 성적 학대가 가장 부정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 토대로 본 연구는 성장기 학대 경험자의 전반적인 부정적 사회관계 파급력을 제시하고, 학대 경험자의 사회관계 회복을 위한 향후 과제에 대해 논의하였다.
Abstract
The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of childhood abuse experience on the adult social relationships. For this purpose, childhood abuse were classified by physical abuse, emotional abuse and sexual abuse, and adult social relationships were classified by trust, participation and network. Based on the Korea Social Survey(2012) of 953 peoples in Korea, the results showed that ① 56% of Korean adults experienced multiple abuse before 18 years of age, suffering abuse from one to ten types simultaneously. The negative effects on the adult social relationship by type of abuse appeared as following: physical abuse(46.5%), emotional abuse(38.2%) and sexual abuse(7.5%). ② Childhood abuse experience negatively affected by qualitative variables of social relationships(trust, perceived-relationship, density of relationship), but didn't affect by quantitative variables of social relationships(participation, frequency of relationship). ③ The levels of quality of adult social relationships were different by severity of abuse in childhood. ④ The negative effects of the types of abuse to the quality of adult social relationships appeared in the order of emotional abuse, sexual abuse and physical abuse. Childhood sexual abuse most negatively affected to the perceived-relationship which was explained interpersonal self-esteem. Based on these results, this study discussed research implications for further research.
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