의미 확장 기제로서의 환유
Metonymy as a mechanism of semantic extension
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According to Langacker (2008: 70), metonymy is a regular source of polysemy, which results when a particular metonymic usage becomes entrenched and conventionalized. Although most pioneers of this field define metonymy as a cognitive process, which is operated in the idealized cognitive model, metonymy involved in semantic extension process is significantly different in nature from ICM-based metonymy. Based on Langacker’s notion that metonymy is a cognitive reference point phenomenon, this paper argues that metonymic operation in semantic extension process occurs on the condition that an entity (vehicle) is registered in long-term memory by being recognized as a characteristically accompanied experience of the other entity (target) through successive accumulation of usage-events. Because language is a symbolic system, a combination of form and concept, metonymy should play a role both in the realms of sign ICMs and concept ICMs, causing various linguistic phenomena that result from the nature of its mechanism. Semantic extension involving metonymic mechanism is characterized as containing the following three features: (a) the fuzzy boundaries of basic and extended meanings caused by profile/active-zone discrepancy phenomenon (b) the orientation of meaning extension vector sensitively affected by primary senses and cultural factors (c) the fine-tuning or sub-division of first meaning extension processes that result from successive metonymic mechanism operating in newly emergent pattern of form and contextual meaning.
Abstract
According to Langacker (2008: 70), metonymy is a regular source of polysemy, which results when a particular metonymic usage becomes entrenched and conventionalized. Although most pioneers of this field define metonymy as a cognitive process, which is operated in the idealized cognitive model, metonymy involved in semantic extension process is significantly different in nature from ICM-based metonymy. Based on Langacker’s notion that metonymy is a cognitive reference point phenomenon, this paper argues that metonymic operation in semantic extension process occurs on the condition that an entity (vehicle) is registered in long-term memory by being recognized as a characteristically accompanied experience of the other entity (target) through successive accumulation of usage-events. Because language is a symbolic system, a combination of form and concept, metonymy should play a role both in the realms of sign ICMs and concept ICMs, causing various linguistic phenomena that result from the nature of its mechanism. Semantic extension involving metonymic mechanism is characterized as containing the following three features: (a) the fuzzy boundaries of basic and extended meanings caused by profile/active-zone discrepancy phenomenon (b) the orientation of meaning extension vector sensitively affected by primary senses and cultural factors (c) the fine-tuning or sub-division of first meaning extension processes that result from successive metonymic mechanism operating in newly emergent pattern of form and contextual meaning.
참고문헌 (45)
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