日本語 對稱構文과 相互構文

Abstract

I proposed to make clear the symmetrical sentences and observed the properties of the reciprocal sentences showing a syntactic similarity with the symmetrical sentences, and investigated the differences between the symmetrical and reciprocal sentences. On the symmetrical sentences, the turn of syntactic roles of subject can be acceptable, but because there is no change of forms, therefore the symmetrical sentences are regarded as lexical and peripheral voice. On this occasion, both single subjective sentence and compound subjective sentence can be set up as a basic sentences and sustain the property of mutual opposition. And if the symmetrical sentences connect the modality forms, they lose the symmetry. The reciprocal sentences can be generated when basic verbs have not the symmetry, and equally when cardinally on the constructions as [A-ga B-wo/ni/kara Vsuru], it is capable to substitute A for B and defined the sentences which contain the predicate [V-siau] in addition to the transfer of case from [wo/ni/kara] to [to].