성장 중심 경제 패러다임에 대한 비판과 지속 가능한 발전
A Feminist Critique to Growth-Oriented Economic Paradigm and Sustainable Development
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성장 중심적인 경제 패러다임은 경제 성장을 경제적 번영 혹은 발전과 동일시하는 사고 체계를 재생산함으로써 시장 생산과 비시장 영역의 갈등이 인간의 생존과 사회재생산에 미치는 장기적인 영향을 무시하고 있다. 그러나 무한정 확대되는 물질적 소비를 만족하기 위한 멈추지 않는 경제 성장에 대한 추구와 인간을 돌보는 사회적 능력 간에 존재하는 긴장은 계속 팽팽해지고 있다. 그러한 긴장은 다양한 규모와 차원에서 돌봄의 위기로 나타나고 있으며 이러한 위기를 언급하기 위해서는 경제 체제에 대해 생각하는 새로운 방식이 필요하다. 생태주의와 여성주의 경제학은 성장 패러다임이 야기한 인류와 환경과의 불화와 사회재생산의 위기를 극복하기 위한 근본적인 성찰과 대안적인 전략을 제시해 왔다. 주류경제학의 기본 가정을 재검토할 것을 주장하며 시장 경제와 비시장 경제 간의 상호의존성과 연결성을 인정하는 것으로부터 출발한다. 이 논문은 물질 생산 중심 성장 패러다임에 대한 대안적 패러다임 구성을 위한 개념, 발전 전략, 발전 지표 등을 소개하고 비판적으로 검토한다.
Abstract
The growth-based economic paradigm ignores how the conventional thinking of equating economic growth and prosperity/well-being influences human livelihoods and social reproduction in the longrun, only focusing on short-term measures of increasing material output. Counting only what is produced in the market as an indicator of material well-being tends to overestimate the pate at which we are progressing in economic terms. On the other hand, the incessant pursuit of economic growth meeting unlimited wants is increasingly in conflicts with capabilities of caring. Such tensions and conflicts lead to crises of environmental and caring. The first step could be to acknowledge interdependence between the market system and reproductive economy so as to address the crises in a new way of thinking. Ecological and feminist economics provide valuable insights into how such crises could be overcome with alternative strategies. In this paper, I discuss the ways in which the interaction between production and reproduction, and the relationships between market, non-market, and the community could have important but unpredictable implications for prosperity and human well-beings. And I critically review and discuss important contributions made by both ecological and feminist economists to going beyond the materially-driven growth-based economic paradigm.
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