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통치성 관점에서 본 신자유주의적 행정개혁: 행정개혁론의 ‘기업가적’ 관료에 대한 비판적 연구

Neoliberal Administrative Reform As a New Governmentality: A Critical Study on 'Entrepreneur' Bureaucrats Espoused by Administrative Reforms

이문수
한국행정연구원 (The Korea Institute of Public Administration)|2012.12|한국행정연구 (The Korean Journal of Public Administration)|제21권 제4호|pp. 43-72|DOI 10.22897/kipajn.2012.21.4.002

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키워드

신자유주의통치성GovernmentalityNeoliberalism행정개혁Administrative Reform
주제분류행정학

초록

1980년대부터 시작된 신자유주의적 행정개혁은 정책이나 제도를 바꾸는 것 이상으로 관료나시민들의 정체성을 ‘기업가’적인 것으로 변화시키는데 초점을 두고 있다. 본 논문은 이와 같이 개혁에있어서 문화를 강조하는 것은 신자유주의적 통치성의 필연적인 결과임을 주장할 것이다. 통치성은미셀 푸코가 1977에서 1979년 사이 collége de Paris에서의 강의에서 발전시킨 개념으로, 현대사회에서는 권력이 “행위에 대한 행위” 즉 자유의 부여를 통한 간접통치를 한다는 사실을 설명할수 있게 한다. 즉 통치성은 통치의 대상을 주체화시키면서 기능하는 것이다. 특히 푸코는 신자유주의하에서 모든 개인이나 관료들에게 기업가가 되라고 하는 주장에 대한 역사적 분석을 통해서 권력과주체화의 관계를 명확히 하고 있다. 본 연구는 지식-권력-주체화가 긴밀하게 연관되어 있다는 푸코의주장을 가지고 현대의 행정개혁에서 주체화가 가지는 의의와 한계를 비판적으로 고찰할 것이다.

Abstract

Neoliberal administrative reforms that began in earnest during the 1980s went beyond reforming administrative institutions and procedures, especially focusing on the change of identities of both the citizens and public officials into an ‘entrepreneur.’ This study, primarily drawing upon Michel Foucault's theory of governmentality, aims at revealing the indispensability of renewed subjectivation of public officials insofar as the objective of administrative reforms is accomplished. On the basis of the assertions made by post-structuralist scholars that the cental function of power is to make individuals into a specific subject, administrative reform efforts as conceived as neoliberal governmentality have consistently urged public officials to be an entrepreneur, thus overcoming both the traditional bureaucratic ethics and uniqueness of the publicness. After analyzing how neoliberal govermentality conceived as administrative reforms legitimizes itself largely through critical examination of Foucault's lecturers at collége de Paris,this study makes clear the serious moral andethical implications resulting from the efforts of changing the identity of public officials.

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관련 논문AI추천

신자유주의적 통치성, 주체, 그리고 공공성의 문제: Foucault의 1978, 1979년 강의를 중심으로이문수정부학연구소 · 정부학연구2019 · 제25권 제2호신자유주의적 통치성의 계보학과 공공성의 문제이문수한국조직학회 · 한국조직학회보2020 · 제17권 제1호현대 행정권력의 새로운 이해: Foucault 주장의 재검토이문수한국조직학회 · 한국조직학회보2011 · 제8권 제2호행정 관료에게 주체적 윤리란 무엇인가? : Max Weber, 행정개혁론자의 윤리론에 대한 대안으로서의 Michel Foucault 윤리론에 대한 시론적 연구이문수정부학연구소 · 정부학연구2010 · 제16권 제2호통치성의 관점에서 본 관방학에 대한 새로운 이해: 푸코의 주장을 중심으로이문수정부학연구소 · 정부학연구2009 · 제15권 제3호푸코(M. Foucault)의 신자유주의적 통치성 개념과그 교육학적 수용에 대한 검토이주호한국교육철학학회 · 교육철학연구2023 · 제45권 제2호

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