조선시대 유밀과(油蜜果)의 의례적 상징과 제도화

Abstract

In the early Joseon Dynasty, Oil and Honey Pastry was regularized as the food for local ancestral rituals of royal family according to customs and sincerity, not as an official ritual for Jongmyo Shrine based on Confucian scriptures. As the food eaten while alive was used in local ancestral rituals such as royal tombs and Wonmyo, which are spaces for royal rituals, it was included as a food for national rituals without any opposition to it. However, the use of Oil and Honey Pastry in Family Rituals was more complexdue to prohibitions and question of ritual legitimacy. Oil and Honey Pastry originated from Buddhism customs and luxury and was critisized for not being a ritual food of 『Zhu Xi’s Family Rituals』. Despite these academic criticisms, it was difficult to strictly prohibit the use of Oil and Honey Pastryl for the practice of customs and filial piety. This discourse on Oil and Honey Pastry in Family Rituals highlights the difference from the local ancestral rituals of the royal family. As the number of royal subjects of local ancestral rituals gradually increased during the late Chosun Dynasty, the use of Oil and Honey Pastry expanded, necessitating institutional maintenance. Differentiation based on the types and quantities of Oil and Honey Pastry was actively employed. King Yeongjo systematically reorganized the hierarchy of local ancestral rituals of the royal family through Gyemi Yijeong, while King Jeongjo implemented a subdivided system of Gungwon that distinguished it from Oil and Honey Pastry. King Gojong elevated the status of Myomyo and established a compromise system with the Gungwonje, and this change in ritual status was also manifested through the type and quantity of Oil and Honey Pastry. Oil and Honey Pastry served as a symbol of local ancestral rituals of the royal family, and its proper shape and taste were directly related to respect, the foundation of worship. There was a proposal to maintain the quality by pre-producing Oil and Honey Pastry in Bongsangsi, but the lack of precedents posed a problem. King Jeongjo implemented a policy of strengthening supervision, but as the issues surrounding Oil and Honey Pastry remained unresolved, a new method of pre-production was eventually introduced during King Heonjong's reign.