아프리카 난민의 유럽 유입과 이탈리아의 대(對)아프리카 정책

Abstract

The Europe is facing chaos because of African refugees. Especially, the countries of the Mediterranean Northeast is being exposed to a direct effect of political turmoil of African Continent. In reality, African refugees do not only influence Western Europe. As seen in the related statistics of 2015, North Africa and Eastern Europe are largely influenced by African refugee situations. Western European nations are also suffering surrounding acceptance of African refugees. Italy has never been free in refugee situations. Italian peninsula and the Greece are gateway for the European influx of African refugees. In fact, Italian public opinion shows two contrasting views about African migrants. The racism and the prejudice are situated at the center of problem which regard African refugee, who take jobs from Italian labors. On the other hand, the different perspective exists that African refugees could be resources for the Italian economy and society. Regarding the latter’s recognition, I argue that this should not be interpreted as the solution for the Italian economic crisis caused by the depletion of national pension and a decrease in population. This is nothing but a Italian-centric interpretation. While African migrants and Italy must be partners for each other’s development. In the last February, Italian Prime Minister, Matteo Renzi visited three African countries (the Federal Republic of Nigeria, the Republic of Senegal, the Republic of Ghana, respectively) and in a speech at the UN General Assembly he indicated a need that EU member countries should be interested in the development of African Continent. Renzi’s speech emphasized ‘the Return of Italy in Africa’. This study notices that with regard to the subject of ‘problem’ and ‘resource’, Italian return to Africa should be interpreted as an effort to seek the real partnership with African countries in Italy’s African Policy.