대한제국기 獎忠壇의 조성배경과 공간구성

Abstract

This study investigated creation period, construction background, architectural form, and space organization of Jangchungdan during Korean Empire. According to review of existing researches and many relevant data, it is thought that Jangchungdan was initially constructed on October 27, 1900 (solar calendar) as recorded in 『Annals of King Gojong』. Afterwards, the whole block was completed through 2 times of large creation process including construction of Jangchungdanbi across Jangchungdan and it seems final completion was made around June 1901. Construction background of Jangchungdan was not only to commemorate ordinary soldiers sacrificed in Gabonyeon and Eulminyeon but also to use as a place to imprint the status and the Emperor's power of Korean Empire through engraving memory of Eulmisabyeon and the Empress Myeongseong thereon. Jangchungdan ceremonial rite was first held on November 10, 1900 (September 19 as per lunar calendar) and total 19 rites were performed until the final rite on October 15, 1909. Meantime, An Jung-geun shot at Ito Hirobumi on October 26, 1909 and funeral of Ito Hirobumi was held in Jangchungdan in November 4; and, it seems that ceremonial rites here were abolished in such a rapidly changing situation because the place could not remain as symbolic space of loyalty to the Korean Empire. Jangchungdan had a meaning of place related to soldiers' training and military camp facilities from Joseon era and especially, Namsoyeong was the largest place for archery in the capital city. That's why it seems that space for loyalty was created in this place. With respect to building type, Jangchungdan was composed with wide artificial Dan (embankment) and many structures were arranged on the Dan. In addition, space organization of Jangchungdan was divided into area of Jangchungdan and Jangchungdanbi with a waterway (Namsomundongcheon) as the center; and, the area of Jangchungdan was divided into Woegiji and Naegiji. Many attached buildings facing the east such as Jangmudang, Yanghuiheon, Yorijeong, and Jeonsacheong including Dansa of the central building were located in Jangchungdan; and, it is thought that space was organized to take a natural rest instead of forming solemn and silent space as ceremonial rite place.