대한민국 최초의 국립납골묘 장충사 연구: 장충포열사인가, 박문사인가
A Study on Jangchungsa(獎忠祠): The First National Cinerarium in the Republic of Korea
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During the colonial period, the colonial government publicized deaths of war dead through the means of Chunglyeongtab(忠靈塔), military cemeteries, Yasukuni-jinja Shrine(靖國神社), Gokoku-jinja Shrines(護國神社), and Chunghonbi(忠魂碑). However, death of war dead was privatized after liberation. In other words, bodies of war dead were delivered to bereaved families instead of being buried in public graveyards. Since the establishment of the government of the Republic of Korea, the first national cinerarium, Jangchungsa(獎忠祠), was installed in Jangchungdan Park(獎忠壇公園) as a large number of deaths occurred. Up to date, the reality of Jangchungsa was still veiled. In this article, I presented a hypothesis of ‘Jangchungsa = Jangchungpoyeolsa(獎忠褒烈祠)’ and ‘Jangchungsa = Parkmunsa(博文寺)’ to explain the reality of Jangchungsa. The former raises the possibility that Jangchungsa is a partial reconstruction of Jangchungpoyeolsa built in 1901 as a Confucian shrine of Jangchungdan. The latter, on the other hand, raises the possibility that Jangchungsa is a partially reconstructed building of Parkmunsa(Buddhist temple) erected in 1932 to commemorate Ito Hirobumi(伊藤博文). Based on several newspaper articles and a photograph, I argue that ‘Jangchungsa = Parkmusa’ hypothesis is likely to be true.
Abstract
During the colonial period, the colonial government publicized deaths of war dead through the means of Chunglyeongtab(忠靈塔), military cemeteries, Yasukuni-jinja Shrine(靖國神社), Gokoku-jinja Shrines(護國神社), and Chunghonbi(忠魂碑). However, death of war dead was privatized after liberation. In other words, bodies of war dead were delivered to bereaved families instead of being buried in public graveyards. Since the establishment of the government of the Republic of Korea, the first national cinerarium, Jangchungsa(獎忠祠), was installed in Jangchungdan Park(獎忠壇公園) as a large number of deaths occurred. Up to date, the reality of Jangchungsa was still veiled. In this article, I presented a hypothesis of ‘Jangchungsa = Jangchungpoyeolsa(獎忠褒烈祠)’ and ‘Jangchungsa = Parkmunsa(博文寺)’ to explain the reality of Jangchungsa. The former raises the possibility that Jangchungsa is a partial reconstruction of Jangchungpoyeolsa built in 1901 as a Confucian shrine of Jangchungdan. The latter, on the other hand, raises the possibility that Jangchungsa is a partially reconstructed building of Parkmunsa(Buddhist temple) erected in 1932 to commemorate Ito Hirobumi(伊藤博文). Based on several newspaper articles and a photograph, I argue that ‘Jangchungsa = Parkmusa’ hypothesis is likely to be true.
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