제1공화국 시기 장충단공원의 정체성의 변형 과정

Abstract

Jangchungdan was built in the period of the Daehan Empire Era and made into a park by Japanese Empire. Since the Daehan Empire period, this area has existed in the name of ‘Park’ where various meanings and symbols “conflict” with each other. It is a complex and mixed-characterized space through the time of Japanese imperialism, liberation, government establishment, and war, and also a place that shows the complex nature of the problem of dealing with colonial heritage after the liberation. Jangchungdan was the altar place to memorialize the loyalists. However, Japan tried to make this area as a park where people can enjoy leisure by carrying out city projects. It is an amusement space where picnic and athletic meetings are held. Japan tried to make it as a memorial space for Japanese heroes to ‘justify’ the colonization of Joseon. As a result, Jangchungdan became a park under the Japanese colonial rule and the symbolism that the Daehan Empire had intended as a ‘loyal’ space for the nation was overturned beyond the damage. After the liberation in 1945, Jangchungdan Park was discussed to be restored to the original form of the symbolism which was dismantled and distorted due to the problem of colonization. However the work of recovering and establishing the identity of the space has not progressed well. On the contrary, in accordance with the Korean War and the changes of the political situation, Jangchungdan Park was transformed into an area for war refugees during the Korean War and also into a space for political campaigns taking place, Currently, Jangchungdan Park remains a place where different pieces of sculpture are mixed. And it can be said that the discussion to establish the identity of Jangchungdan Park is in touch with the problem of the liquidation of the Japanese colonial legacy.