인조대 李貴의 도성 방어론

Abstract

Lee Gwi[李貴] was a key figure in the Injo Rebellion[仁祖反正] and played a leading role in the political affairs during the early reign of King Injo until his death. Among Lee Gwi's works, I have particularly examined his capital defense strategy during the reign of King Injo, focusing on the text ‘Ichungjeonggongjangso[李忠定公章疏]’. Lee Gwi fundamentally valued the central army over regional forces and advocated for the restoration of the Joseon Dynasty's early military systems, the Five Guards[五衛] and the Jingan defense system.[鎭管體制] He proposed the establishment of the Howicheong[扈衛廳] to protect the king and suggested making the military command institution, the Headquarters of Military Command[都體察營] , a permanent fixture in the capital. Additionally, Lee Gwi envisioned the expansion of the Eoyeonggun[御營軍] to create a new military camp that would complement the existing Hunryeondogam[訓鍊都監]. As a measure to expand the military forces in the capital, Lee Gwi proposed assigning skilled but unemployed soldiers to the Royal Guard. Lee Gwi's ideas on strengthening the central army, such as the establishment of the Howicheong and Eoyeongcheong[御營廳], were partially realized during his time, and many of his unfulfilled plans were later reflected in policy. From early on, Lee Gwi advocated for the defense of the capital region. He was also the first to propose the reconstruction of Namhansanseong Fortress[南漢山城]. After the Manchu invasion of 1627(丁卯胡亂), Lee Gwi emphasized a defense strategy centered around the fortresses in the Gyeonggi region, with a particular focus on the strategic importance of Namhansanseong Fortress. Lee Gwi's capital defense strategy was closely aligned with the concept of 'geo-heom-cheong-ya[據險淸野]' (fortress defense and scorched-earth strategy).