조선후기 서울 동부지역의공간재편과 상업발달 -이현시장의 성립 배경에 대한 재검토-

Abstract

This paper aims to examine the background of the establishment of Yi-hyeon Market who served as a key base for Seoul in the late Joseon Dynasty, in terms of the government's military and ritual policies. In eastern Seoul, where national ceremonial facilities such as Jongmyo(宗廟) and Munmyo(文廟) have been located since the beginning of the country's founding, there were not floating populations compared to the southwestern part, and government’s immgration policies were not implemented. However, after the Imjin War, the need for reorganization of the military system and defense of the capital increased, and military facilities such as Muyecheong(武藝廳), Hallyeocheong(漢旅廳), Eoyeongcheong(御營廳), and Jangyongyoung(壯勇營) increased, and the function of the royal memorial service was expanded with the establishment of Eouigung(於義宮), the residence of Hyojong, and Gyeongmogung(景慕宮), the shrine of Sado. As a result, procurement of goods for royal ceremonies were promoted, while the influx of the military population for royal residence and the defense of the capital accelerated, forming a private market led by soldiers and merchants in the area, which is Yi-hyeon, one of the three Seoul markets in Joseon. Especially during the reign of King Jeongjo, the Yi-hyeon market became active, which is closely related to the two policies of the reign of King Jeongjo. Immediately after taking the throne, King Jeongjo sought to secure Seoul residents to support the royal escort and the ritual for the memorial service by actively attracting a population of merchants and soldiers. In 1782 (the 6th year of King Jeongjo's reign), a merchant village was formed in this area by attracting local merchants near Gyeongmogung. In 1792 (the 16th year of King Jeongjo's reign), a soldier village was formed by moving Jangyongyoung soldiers. Many of the merchants who participated in the Yi-hyeon market were these soldiers, local merchants and trade brokers. As such, merchants in eastern Seoul, including Yi-hyeon, were growing into new commercial forces that threatened Sijeon merchants, and gradually grew into independent merchants by accumulating know-how in manufacturing and distributing goods amid conflicts and competition with them.