최근 한일 명령표현에 관한 고찰 -「ていただきます」와 ‘-실게요’를 중심으로-

Abstract

This study clarifies the syntactic and pragmatic properties of ‘Teitadakimasu’ and ‘Silgeyo’ as a command expression, comparing their commonalities and differences. It also examines the conditions which necessitate ‘Teitadaku’ and ‘Silgeyo’ being used in the same period. The following is a summary of findings: The syntactic properties of ‘Teitadakimasu’ and ‘Silgeyo’ include: (a) an expression of will that has a first-person subject; (b) an expression of honorifics that lowers speakers and heightens listeners; and (c) an expression of favor that reveals behaviors to be speakers’ or listeners’ advantage. Since the pragmatic properties of ‘Teitadakimasu’ contain not only an expression that indicates that speakers are beneficiary but also a nuance that unilaterally declares the contents that have already been shaped by speakers, the expression can be used in the scene of service industry as well as in the relationship between subordinates and superiors. On the contrary, because the pragmatic properties of ‘Silgeyo’ are comprised of an expression that shows that listeners are beneficiary and a nuance that asks listeners to agree with or permit the expression of will from speakers, it is possible to employ the expression in the scene of service industry, but it could be awkward and unnatural if the expression is used in the relationship between subordinates and superiors. While the general language manners in Japan and South Korea are to lower oneself and to heighten the others, no command expressions that reflect such language awareness have been thus far. This study comes to conclude that ‘Teitadakimasu’ and ‘Silgeyo’ emerge as command expressions that are intended to lower speakers and to heighten listeners to the maximum.