韓国語と日本語のアクセントの対照研究 - 東京方言と密陽方言を例にして -

Abstract

This paper compares the accentuation of the Tokyo dialect of Japanese with the Miryang dialect of Korean. Research on the Korean accent has been carried out within the Korean linguistics community, but in this context, the Korean accent system has traditionally been compared to the tone system of Chinese, in which pitch contours are syllabic. In contrast, Japanese researchers have proposed that the Korean accent system should be analyzed from the point of view of word‐level and phrase‐level accentual systems seen in Japanese dialects. Considering the Japanese dialect first, we can classify the Japanese accent system into the accented pattern and the accentless pattern. Accented dialects are divided into multiple‐pattern and N‐pattern systems. This terminology comes from Uwano(1990, 1999). A multi‐pattern accent is a system where accentual distinctions increase in relation to the length of the accentual units. The typical case is that of the Tokyo dialect, which has two accentual oppositions for one‐mora words, three oppositions for two‐mora words, four oppositions for three‐mora words, and so on. The Miryang dialect of Korean is identified as a multiple‐pattern system, and we see the Miryang dialect with the largest number of accentual oppositions among all Korean dialects. These dialects have n+2 oppositions for monosyllabic and bisyllabic nouns, and 2n‐1 oppositions for nouns which are syllabically longer than them. In this paper, I will discuss the Miryang dialect in detail, and report the data obtained from my fieldwork. The aim of this paper is to present a contrastive study on Japanese and Korean accent systems.