日本語と韓国語のアクセント -東京方言と晋州方言を例にして-

Abstract

This paper compares the pitch accent of the Tokyo dialect (the standard language) of Japanese and that of Jinju dialect in Korean. In the present paper, evidence for this interpretation will be given, along with the structure of the Jinju dialect accent and a comparison with it and that of Tokyo. Looking Tokyo dialect, it has two oppositions for one‐mora words, three oppositions for two‐mora words, and so on. It can be represented as Pn=n+1, where ‘Pn’ represent the number of Prosodemes for the accentual unit ‘n’. In the Tokyo accent type, there are n‐kernel positions, plus a kernel less type (indicated with an = sign; the ? sign indicates zero‐accent), for a total of n+1. Pitch is regarded as ‘movement’, and this is what is indicated; this is quite different from the ‘stepped’ view of accents in which the ‘static condition’ resulting from movement is indicated. Also, in this paper, I will discuss on the details of Jinju dialect in Gyeongsangnamdo of Korea, and report on data obtained during field work there. The aim is to propose a phonological interpretation of the accentual system of Jinju dialect, from renewed angles and also provide a comprehensive analysis of previous literature on them based on the author's research. Conversely speaking, 1. The accent system of the Jinju dialect shows a five‐way opposition for n‐syllable words regardless of the number of syllables in a word. 2. It further examines the combination rules of the accent in compound nouns. 3. The accent pattern of native Korean in the Jinju dialect shows marked tendencies in terms of the number of the lexical items it contains, depending on the number of syllables, in each word class. Lastly, in this paper, including accent type of Tokyo and Jinju dialects, will be explained in detail and various particle are described with special emphasis on the tonal patterns and the internal mechanisms.