韓国語釜山方言と日本語東京方言の外来語のアクセント

Abstract

This paper compares the loanwords accent of the Tokyo dialect of Japanese and that of Pusan dialect inKorean. In the present paper, evidence for this interpretation will be given, along with the structure of thePusan dialect loanwords accent and a comparison with it and that of Tokyo. Tokyo dialect has two oppositions for one‐mora words, three oppositions for two‐mora words, and so on. Itcan be represented as Pn=n+1, where ‘Pn’ represent the number of ｐrosodemes for the accentual unit ‘n’. In theTokyo accent type, there are n‐kernel positions, plus a kernel less type (indicated with an = sign; the ⓪ signindicates unaccented), for a total of n+1. The default accent of loanwords of Tokyo dialect are -③ pattern(antepenultimate). The present paper examines on the basis of the data collected by the author. The conclusion by Kenstowicz &Sohn (2001) (hereafter K & S(2001)) and Do (2014) that the accent of loanwords in the Pusan dialect isdetermined by their syllabic structure. Those conditions are: 1) if the final consonant cluster of the originalword are resolved by two inserted vowels、 those vowels are without accent; 2) the heavy syllables caused byliquid gemination are not counted as heavy. Furthermore、 as regards two or five syllable words、 the principleholds only for about 60% of cases. There is no correlation between the syllabic structure and accent as regardsmonosyllabic words、 since the accent remains the same even if the syllabic structure is altered by the additionof a particle. From the above discussion the following points in Do (2014) are criticized: A heavy syllable (CVC)must be high; if the final two syllables are light, then a (default) high is assigned to the penultimate syllable. Inaddition, a Light-Light-Heavy takes a final H which spreads back to the peninitial syllable. These simpleprinciples account for over 90% of the data in all syllable profiles except for Heavy-Heavy. Thus the presentpaper critically examines the applicability of the two conditions on the segmental structure of the original word、the prerequisites of the discussion of Do (2014) 、as well as the level of knowledge of the original words inthe acquisition of loanwords by the dialect speakers.