翻訳に現れる日韓「受益構文」の比較研究 - 記述的文法の観点から -

Abstract

This paper observes the phenomenon of ‘beneficial constructions’ in thelanguages of Korea and Japan through a ‘semantic perspective’, a ‘syntactic perspective’ and a ‘pragmatic perspective’ and seeks generalizations based on the results. Subjects considered from a semantic perspective are ‘completing the movement and action of the object’, ‘benefit or disbenefit’ and a ‘range of the beneficiary’. From a syntactic perspective, ‘particle’ and ‘verb’ were inserted between the benefactive constructions to compare their acceptance. Finally, from a pragmatic perspective, the topics ‘sympathy’ and ‘consideration’ were set up and reviewed. As a result, there were many differences between Korean and Japanese. It is often considered that Korean and Japanese are similar, and typical benefactive constructions such as ‘(someone) did (action) to (someone else)’ are generally said to correspond to each other in both languages. However, the application of the derivative use method presented in this study was often unresponsive. In this paper, we believe that this difference stems from the difference in grammaticalization between Korean and Japanese. While it is common for the meaning of the main verb to be faded or extended by the process of making the main verb grammaticalized(abstracted) as an auxiliary verb, in the case of ‘benefactive construction’, the comparison of the subjects above indicates that the extension range of the Korean language is not wider than that of the Japanese language.