자폐스펙트럼 장애아동의 일화기억에서 자기기억과 타인기억 연구
Episodic Memory for Self and Other in Autism Spectrum Disorders
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초록
본 연구는 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동을 대상으로 일화기억 양상을 밝히는 데 목적이 있다. 자기 인식에 어려움을 보이는 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동을 대상으로 일상에서 경험한 일에 대하여 자신에 관한 기억과 타인에 관한 기억이 일반아동과 비교하여 차이가 있는지 알아보고, 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동이 일화기억 과정에서 단서 없이 특정 정보를 회상할 수 있는 자유회상과 단서를 지원해주는 단서회상에 차이를 보이는지 알아보고자 하였다.연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동은 혼자 경험한 활동과 함께 경험한 활동, 두 가지 활동에서 모두 일반 아동에 비해 자기기억에 현저한 어려움을 보였다. 둘째, 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동은 자기기억에 어려움을 보이는 것에 반해 타인기억에는 일반아동과 차이를 보이지 않았다. 셋째, 자폐스펙트럼 장애아동은 자유회상에 어려움이 있으나 간단한 단서를 통한 단서회상으로 일화기억이 가능하였다.
Abstract
This study by event experienced was to ensure that the recall for self and other has differences between autism spectrum disorders and typical children. Two groups of 10 children participated in this study: a group with autism(experimental group) and a group of typically developing children matched with the experimental group for verbal ability. The specific study questions are as follows: First, Is there any differences between autistic children and typical children in the free recall for self? Second, Is there any differences between autistic children and typical children in the free recall for other? Third, Is there any differences between free and cued recall for autistic children in episodic memory? The result of this study as follows: First, There was a significant difference between the group with autism and the group matched for verbal ability for uncompanied self and companied self. Second, There was no differences between the group with autism and the group matched for verbal ability for companied other. This interpretation is strengthened by the findings that the children with autism recalled more information in the accompanied other recall test than in the unaccompanied self and accompanied self. Third, The compound score for all three level of cued recall was higher than free recall. In this test, a percentage score was calculated for comparing free and cued recall and the three levels of cues, due to the fact that if a child recalled all items under free recall then the cued recall score would be low giving a misleading interpretation of children's ability to remember event under cued recall.
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