고기능 자폐 아동의 사회적 장면에 대한 기억 양상: 반어적 표현을 중심으로
Memory patterns of social scenes in high functioning children with autism spectrum disorder: Focused on irony expressions
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사회적 의사소통의 어려움을 보이는 자폐 스펙트럼 장애(이하 ASD)의 반어적 표현 처리 기능에 관한 연구 결과는 혼재되어 있다. 반어 표현을 이해하는 능력이 잘 기능하기 위해서는 사회적 상황에서 언어와 얼굴 표정에 대한 정보처리가 능숙해야 한다. 그러나 대부분의 선행연구는 반어 이해능력에만 중점을 두고, ASD 아동을 대상으로 반어적 대화 상황에 대한 기억 양상을 탐구한 연구는 부족하다. 따라서, 본 연구는 ASD에게 반어적 상황의 맥락 정보에 대한 언어 설명이 포함되지 않은 대화 조건과 맥락 정보를 설명하는 내레이션 조건을 제시하고, 대화 상황에서 사회적 정보가 일치한 조건과 불일치한 반어 조건에 따라 정상 발달 아동과 ASD 아동의 언어 정보와 표정 정보에 대한 기억 양상을 살펴보고자 하였다. 그 결과, ASD 아동은 정상 발달 아동보다 정보 불일치 내레이션 조건에서 언어 정보에 대한 기억 정확도가 낮았고, 표정 기억 정확도는 대화 조건과 내레이션 조건에서 모두 낮았다. 본 연구의 결과는 ASD 아동이 반어적 상황에 대한 얼굴 표정 기억 결함을 보이고, 언어 정보에 대한 제한된 기억 결함이 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
Behavioral studies on irony in autistic spectrum disorder (ASD), characterized by difficulties in social communication, have reported mixed results. In order to reach good irony comprehension, information processing in language and face emotions in social situations are necessary. However, previous studies on irony have mainly focused on irony comprehension and studies focusing on memory patterns of ironic situations are lacking. Thus, we examined memory patterns on language information and face emotions during ironic situation in typically developing children (TD) and children with ASD. We used congruent and incongruent conditions under a narrative condition with context information and a conversational condition without linguistic context information. We found that ASD showed significantly low accuracy on verbal memory performance under the incongruent narrative conditionc compared to TD. Further, ASD showed lower accuracy on face emotion memory than TD under both narrative and conversational conditions. Our findings suggests that children with ASD reveal deficits in memory of social scenes containing ironic social situations.
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