아동의 자전적 사실기억 및 해석기억의 발달과 어머니 애착 안정성과의 관계에 대한 연구
Age Differences in Children’s Autobiographical Fact Memory, Interpretation Memory and Relationship with Mother Attachment
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본 연구는 아동의 자전적 사실기억과 해석기억의 발달적 차이를 알아보고 어머니의 애착 유형에 따라 아동의 자전적 기억 회상에 어떠한 차이가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 본 연구의 대상은 서울과 경기 지역에 거주하는 만 5, 6, 7세 아동과 어머니 총 84쌍이었다. 본 연구에서는 Wang과 Fivush(2005)의 어머니-아동 회고 상황을 참고하여 사실기억과 해석기억을 측정하였다. 연구자는 아동에게 긍정적/부정적 사건 각각 2개씩을 회상하도록 하였고, ECR을 사용하여 어머니 애착 유형을 측정하였다. 아동의 사실기억에서는 만 5, 6세와 만 7세 간에, 해석기억에서는 만 5세와 만 7세 간에 유의한 발달적 차이가 나타났다. 그러나 사실기억과 해석기억에서 어머니의 애착 유형의 주효과 및 아동의 연령과 어머니의 애착 유형간의 상호작용효과는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 자전적 사실기억과 해석기억의 발달적 추세를 설명하는데 의의가 있을 것으로 생각된다. 논의는 연구의 제한점과 후속 연구를 위한 제언을 포함하고 있다.
Abstract
The primary purpose of this study was to examine how children's age and mother attachment classification account for variation in fact memory and interpretation memory. 84 Korean children, ranging in age from 5 to 7 participated in autobiographical memory interviews. Their mothers completed an attachment self-report scale. The autobiographical memory Interviews were designed by using Wang and Fivush’s(2005) mother-child reminiscing setting. To measure mothers’ attachment classifications, Experiences in Close Relationship Scale(ECR) was used. The results showed that age differences were significant in fact memory and interpretation memory. Specifically, 7-year-olds were better than 5-year-olds and 6-year-olds in recalling fact memory. In interpretation memory, 7-year-olds performed better than 5-year-old children in recalling. Mother attachment classifications had no impact on children’s performances. The study also found that the interaction between the children’s ages and the mother attachment classifications had no discernible effect. This work offers a detailed discussion of these results and makes recommendations for future studies.
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