고려 강도 해안 외성에 대한 검토
A Study of Outer Castle Walls in the Capital Gangdo of Goryeo Dynasty
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Gangdo (contemporary Gangwha Island) took the role of capital city of the Goryeo kingdom, for 39 years against Mongolian invasion. The spatial structure of the capital Gangdo(江都) was known as followed: The royal palace of Gangdo was located at Goryeo Gungji (palace site). Outer Castle Wall(外城) was constructed on east coast to defend invasion from inland. The capital Gangdo (contemporary Gangwha downtown) was surrounded by the Middle Castle Wall(中城). In this study, these previous opinions of Outer Castle Wall will be reexamined on the basis of recent archaeological excavations. First, some historians argued that the costal outer castle wall of Gangdo was surrounded by three sides of the Ganghwa Island. However, these interpretations were misunderstood by oral tradition. Where the Ganghwawaesung(江華外城:outer castle wall) was constructed different place in Goryeo dynasty from Joseon dynasty in terms of geographical and temporal changes. Gangwha Island has been reclaimed from Goryeo to Joseon dynasty, continuously. Excavations of the Outer Castle Wall of Gangdo have not produced any material evidences. Second, the earthwork known as Outer Castle Wall that surrounds the south side of Gangdo turned out to be the castle of Jingang Farm of Choseon dynasty. Accordingly, the Outer Castle Wall of the south area of Gangdo has not been existed. Third, The Outer Castle Wall (costal bank) was constructed on north and east costal line of Ganghwa Island (from contemporary Seungcheonpo to Choji), for the Gangdo era. It is clear that the coastal bank existed in the east coastal line of Ganghwa Island in Gangdo era. However, there was no bank following the long range of coastal line. The known as Outer Castle Wall of Gapgot area is only for defending capital castle of Gangdo. As a result, the Outer Castle Wall of Gangdo is not a coastal bank but the capital castle wall of Gangdo. The coastal bank was regarded as the only defense line not a castle wall.
Abstract
Gangdo (contemporary Gangwha Island) took the role of capital city of the Goryeo kingdom, for 39 years against Mongolian invasion. The spatial structure of the capital Gangdo(江都) was known as followed: The royal palace of Gangdo was located at Goryeo Gungji (palace site). Outer Castle Wall(外城) was constructed on east coast to defend invasion from inland. The capital Gangdo (contemporary Gangwha downtown) was surrounded by the Middle Castle Wall(中城). In this study, these previous opinions of Outer Castle Wall will be reexamined on the basis of recent archaeological excavations. First, some historians argued that the costal outer castle wall of Gangdo was surrounded by three sides of the Ganghwa Island. However, these interpretations were misunderstood by oral tradition. Where the Ganghwawaesung(江華外城:outer castle wall) was constructed different place in Goryeo dynasty from Joseon dynasty in terms of geographical and temporal changes. Gangwha Island has been reclaimed from Goryeo to Joseon dynasty, continuously. Excavations of the Outer Castle Wall of Gangdo have not produced any material evidences. Second, the earthwork known as Outer Castle Wall that surrounds the south side of Gangdo turned out to be the castle of Jingang Farm of Choseon dynasty. Accordingly, the Outer Castle Wall of the south area of Gangdo has not been existed. Third, The Outer Castle Wall (costal bank) was constructed on north and east costal line of Ganghwa Island (from contemporary Seungcheonpo to Choji), for the Gangdo era. It is clear that the coastal bank existed in the east coastal line of Ganghwa Island in Gangdo era. However, there was no bank following the long range of coastal line. The known as Outer Castle Wall of Gapgot area is only for defending capital castle of Gangdo. As a result, the Outer Castle Wall of Gangdo is not a coastal bank but the capital castle wall of Gangdo. The coastal bank was regarded as the only defense line not a castle wall.
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