일본 돗토리현(鳥取縣)의 동해 진출과 울릉도·독도

Abstract

In the seventeenth century, Tottori Domain(鳥取藩) Mihonosekki was a commercial base for maritime transporters who traveled to and from Oki(隱岐) Island. As the Shogunate’s economic stimulation initiatives promoted transportation and trade of rice and local products between the regions, maritime carriers rushed into the Edo(江戸) and Osaka(大阪) routes. In this process, Oya and Murakawa(大谷·村川), marine transporters based on Sakaiminato Port(境港), changed the name of Ulleungdo(鬱陵島) from Iso- Takeshima(磯竹島) to Takeshima(Jukdo-竹島) and started the “Crossing to Takeshima Sea(竹島渡海) Project.” Accordingly, the Shogunate issued a “Crossing Takeshima Island Sea Licensing(竹島渡海免許)” that permits foreign voyage to Tottori Province instead of the Red Passport(御朱印), which listed specific destinations. In 1620, the Shogunate executed a Japanese resident in Ulleungdo and fulfilled his promise to Joseon, while permitting the “Crossing to Takeshima Sea Project” of Tottori merchants at the same time. However, when the “Ulleungdo dispute(鬱陵島爭界:竹島一件)” occurred due to the kidnapping of Ahn Yong-bok, the Shogunate recognized Ulleungdo and Dokdo as Joseon territory and issued a “Banning Ordinance on the Voyage to Takeshima(竹島渡海禁止令),” prohibiting Tottori people's voyage to Ulleungdo and Dokdo. With a rising tendency to secure strategic points during the Russo-Japanese War, Japan tried to use Ulleungdo as home of its invasion against Joseon. As the movement to secure strategic points during the Russo-Japanese War emerged, Oki Island's squid fishers were transferred to Ulleungdo, and the Shimane Prefecture fisherman Nakai Yozaburo(中井養三郞) also submitted a petition of “Liancourt Island Territory Incorporation and Application for Rental(リヤンコ島領土編入並び貸下願)” to the Japanese government to illegally occupy Dokdo. Just as the former modern Tottori merchants changed Ulleungdo to Jukdo(竹島) Island and carried out the “Crossing to Takeshima Sea(竹島渡海) Project” the Japanese fishermen of Shimane Prefecture, Nakai Yozaburo, also petitioned and attained monopolized fishing rights, insisting that Dokdo was a completely neglected and uninhabited island, an island that did not have any territorial affiliation. Japan officially recognized Ulleungdo and Dokdo as territory of Joseon by issuing two “Banning Ordinance on the Voyage to Takeshima(竹島渡海禁止令)” in 1696 and 1837 and “Daijogan Ordinance: 太政官指令(1877),” but, on the other hand, Japan utilized the greediness of modern individuals to separate Ulleungdo and Dokdo, and illegally incorporated Dokdo into Japanese territory.