한말 울릉도 일본인 사회구조와 일본어민의 독도 인식

Abstract

This paper intends to review the process of formation of the Nissho Association, by Japanese residents in Ulleungdo around 1900, and the competitive relationship surrounding the fishing grounds of Ulleungdo and Dokdo at the time through the newly discovered “ Takeshima- shogaikankeitsuzuri( 「竹島涉外關係綴)」).” The process through which Nakai (中井養三郞) monopolized the fishery of Dokdo is investigated in the document. This study has come to the following findings: First, in 1902, Japan established a police station on Ulleungdo and dispatched police officers; Nissho- Kumiai(日商組合) was organized as an interest organization for Japanese merchants. In the process, a dispute arose between Dozen led by Wakita Shotaro (脇田庄太郎) and a group from Dogo(島後), led by Hatamoto Kichijo(畑本吉造); the Nissho Association was established during that process. Second, it was the fishermen from Dozen, Oki Island, who first recognized the abundance of fishery resources in Ulleungdo and Dokdo and the potential advantage. They crossed over to Ulleungdo to settle down there, and turned their attention to abalone and sea lion fishing in the waters around Dokdo. Third, in 1903, they started to compete with each other as squid fishing in Ulleungdo and sea lion fishing in Dokdo drew attention. At this time, Nakai Yozaburo attempted to monopolize the Dokdo fishing grounds by excluding the fishermen from Dozen who had come to catch sea lions from Ulleungdo; this was the starting point of the submission of the Dokdo Fishing Right Petition to the Japan government. Fourth, in 1903 and 1904, Nakai, while fishing sea lions in Dokdo, obtained information from competitive fishermen who departed from Ulleungdo for fishing. The information obtained from these fishermen and related materials all show that Dokdo was recognized as Korean territory. This study referred to the documents compiled in “Takeshima- ikkensyorui (竹島一件書類).” These documents demonstrate the illegality and unfairness of the process of incorporation of Dokdo and Japan’s intention. More in- depth research should be followed on these documents and data.