근대 울릉도 사회경제 구조의 변천과 독도 인식

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine the perception and recognition of Dokdo on the annexed islands of Ulleungdo through the formation and change of the socio-economic structure of the modern Ulleungdo from the 「Ulleungdo Exploring Order(1882)」 to the Japanese colonial period. The following were reviewed in this article. First, the Japanese who infiltrated Ulleungdo again in line with the Japanese imperialism's migrant fishing village policy were mainly aimed at cutting logging in the early days, but gradually changed into the form of obtaining income sources through the collection of fishery resources as the abalone, sea lion, and squid catching were spread in the 1900s. Second, the momentum for Japanese immigration to Ulleungdo began after the Fishery Agreement between Japan and Choseon in 1889 and the Sino-Japan War in 1895, and the Meiji government's policy of immigration and fishing for the advancement of the continent was the background. In addition, the Japanese population on Ulleungdo has dramatically increased since the introduction of Sado-style squid fishing on Ulleungdo in 1903. The introduction of squid fishing was a source of income to replace conventional wood income, which led to the Japanese migrant fishing village settlement and the Japanese population on Ulleungdo was rapidly increased around 1910. Third, the vested interests of Ulleungdo during the Japanese occupation, such area as management, administration, education, police, commerce, and fish processing, etc., were established by Japanese economic fishing activities, and it is also a modern history of Ulleungdo to show typical cases of colonial rule and exploitation. Dokdo was on route to serve as a target for these voyages. According to their recognition of Dokdo, the name of Dokdo, which was called Riankodo, was officially named at the time, but the name of Dokdo as Matsushima, which was called from the Sannin region, was used as it was. Fourth, as migrant fishing villages settled in Ulleungdo, the residents of Sannin region mainly accounted for more than 70 percent of Japanese residents, and a direct route called Ulleungdo-Okisushima-Sakaiminato was opened as a route to Japan. Dokdo was on route to serve as a target for these voyages. According to their recognition of Dokdo, the name of Dokdo, which was called Riankodo, was officially named at the time, but the name of Dokdo as Matsushima, which was called from the Sannin region, was used as it was. This means that the fishermen of Sannin coastal area have used Songdo(Matsushima) more customarily than the new name Riankodo even in modern times. And Dokdo(Songdo) is a place where many abalones are catched, so many people come from Ulleungdo, the main island, and they usually stay for 4 ~ 5 days and return to the main island (Ulleungdo). In other words, it is said that the Dokdo fishery was carried out with Ulleungdo as its base, and that the fishing activities were carried out from Ulleungdo, which is much closer and safer than Ulleungdo than Oki Island (157km) at that time.