감정노동의 경험이 노조태도에 미치는 영향 - 탐색적 실증연구 -
A Study on the Effect of the Emotional Labor through Examination on the Attitude to the Union - An Exploratory Empirical Study -
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초록
본 논문은 노사관계에서 중요한 측면인 감정노동과 노조태도에 관한 연구이다. Hochschild가 1980년대 초 ‘감정노동’에 관해서 소개하고 이론화한 후 30여 년이 지난 이후 사회과학분야에서 감정노동은 매우 활발히 연구되어 왔고, 그만큼 감정노동 연구는 그 이론적 깊이와 폭과 다양성의 측면에서 괄목할 만한 업적을 이루었음에도 불구하고 감정노동이 노사관계측면에서 실증적으로 거의 연구되지 않은 가운데 감정노동이 노조관련 태도에 미치는 영향에 관한 탐색적 실증연구결과를 보고하는 논문이다. 본 연구는 개념적 연구방법과 경험적 연구방법을 병행하되, 주로 경험적인 연구를 통해 연구목적을 달성하고자 하였다. 경험적 연구는 간호, 간병, 항공사승무원, 콜센터, 판매 등 다양한 업종의 감정노동자 432명에 대한 설문조사를 통한 실증연구로서 감정노동의 경험이 노조태도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 감정노동의 표면행동과 감정노동의 강도는 노조태도에 정(+)의 영향을 미쳤다. 둘째, 조절변수의 영향을 보면, 감정노동경험이 노조태도에 미치는 영향은 업종(돌봄 정도)에 따라 차이가 있었으나, 노조유무와 고용형태에 따른 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 이러한 실증연구결과가 갖는 시사점과 연구의 한계점 그리고 향후연구에의 제언을 제시하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of the emotional labor which is thought as important but has not been studied almost on the attitude to the union. This study built a exploratory empirical model that there is causal relationship of the emotional labor on the attitude to the union on the base of the exploratory consideration. To test hypotheses empirically, the questionnaire data were collected from 409 members of Korean Confederation of Trade Union in Busan and was analyzed by using Regression Analysis. Results of empirical analysis are as follow. 1) deep-acting and intensity which emotional labor dimension has the significant positive effect on the union attitude. 2) The significance of this study indicates that labor union member's business care level plays a role as moderating variable influencing the relationship between emotional labor and union attitude. Lastly, this study suggested the implication of the result, the limitation and the direction of future study. The results of this study provide suggestion to the trade union and the company.
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