노자의 무위 정치사상

Abstract

The Tao is the original Being of Lao Tzu's thought. The Tao is non-action, giving birth to, nurturing, and helping all things. But it does not dominate and does not boast. This is called virtue (Xuande 玄德). When the Tao gives birth to all things, it does not mean that it actually produces or creates them; it means that humans give names to certain phases of the ever-changing Tao. Thus, beings that have names are separated from the Tao. As having an objective existence before it becomes an object of human cognition, the Tao of Non-Action is the model for the operation of all things and for human behavior. Non-action is the standard of behavior that all humans should follow, and it also is the core of the governing philosophy that enlightened sages should follow. Non-Action is not a benevolent policy or a deception. A Sage is devoted to the well-being of his people, but he does not oppress them, does not restrict their freedom, and does not boast or show off. Like the Tao, Sages try to build an ideal society by practicing the virtues of non-action. Lao Tzu reverses conventional wisdom by saying that non-action is more useful than Human Action. Taoism is not a pretense, but a real practice. Non-Action is not the doing of nothing, but rather actively and naturally acting. Human Action is a strong act, while non-action is a flexible act. The strong does not win, but the soft wins in the end. There is nothing you shouldn't do when practicing Non-Action. Non-Action is a new value system that will lead the new era.