조선시대 사림의 정치참여와 향촌자치의 이념

Abstract

This study investigates the political tension that existed between regalpower and Neo-Confucian scholar officials during the Choson dynasty withemphasis on the ideology of local autonomy embedded in the CommunityCompact. The archetypes of the Choson style Community Compact are foundin the Community Compact of LFamily and Master Chu Revision of theLFamily Community Compact.But the architects of the Choson dynasty hadput emphasis on maintaining a stable powerful central government and werenot positive toward introducing the Neo-Confucian political doctrine of ChuHsi. To this regard, the diffusion and development of the Choson styleCommunity Compact was closely connected with the theoretical maturity ofNeo-Confucianism and the growing political influence of Neo-Confucianscholar officials.The spread of Hyangyak was first discussed in Choson under the reign ofKing Chungjong. However the Hyangyak Movement of that period waspushed ahead too radically to the extent that its leader Cho Kwangjo becameapprehensive of the dangers in the movement rapid progress. With this consideration, Yi Hwang and Yi I designed the Community Compact concentrating on methods of self regulation, provided that the local community did not exceed the dominance of the central government. Moreover Yi I explored the balance between central power of the state and autonomy of local communities by on the one hand giving local organization the authority to regulate violations of community covenants, and on the other hand putting emphasis on sacrifice and devotion to the state.