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라틴아메리카의 ‘신’지역주의 리더십 연구: 멕시코와 베네수엘라 사례를 중심으로

Regional Leaderships in Latin American ʻNewʼ Regionalism: The Case of Venezuela and Mexico

강경희
한국라틴아메리카학회 (Latin American Studies Association Of Korea)|2012.08|라틴아메리카연구 (Asian Journal of Latinamerican Studies)|제25권 제3호|pp. 73-102|DOI 10.22945/ajlas.2012.25.3.73

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참고문헌

키워드

Mexico멕시코신지역주의new regionalismVenezuela베네수엘라라틴아메리카 지역주의지역주의 리더십Latin American Regionalismregional leadership
주제분류지역학

초록

The leadership competition has become one of the most salient features of the Latin American ʻnewʼ regionalism since the 2000s. Venezuela and Mexico have actively engaged in the regionalism drive,competing against the two hegemonic powers (the USA and Brazil)in the region. As a result, various institutions have been created to deepen the different types of regional cooperation. These institutions included the Venezuelan-led Alternativa Bolivariana para la América (ALBA) and the Mexican-led Plan Mesoamérica besides the Unión de Naciones Suramericanas (UNASUR) driven by the Brazilian regional leadership. Latin American ʻnewʼ regionalism includes leadership competition among the two middle powers (Venezuela and Mexico)and the one major power (Brazil). The goal of this paper is to make a modest contribution to understanding Latin American ʻnewʼ regionalism by explaining the similarities and differences between Venezuela and Mexico in the current leadership of ʻnewʼ regionalism. In conclusion, the expansion of American hegemonic leadership to the south in the 1990s was the primary force behind the Brazilian-led Latin American regionalism. The leadership competition among the major powers in the region created a leadership vacuum to be filled by a middle or small power. The president’s strong will and top-down decision-making are common points between Venezuela and Mexico in the regionalism leadership. Contrary to the Mexican case, Venezuela has consistently opposed the USA-led Free Trade Area Agreement of the Americas (FTAA)and has been strategically linked with Brazil in regionalism matters.

Abstract

The leadership competition has become one of the most salient features of the Latin American ʻnewʼ regionalism since the 2000s. Venezuela and Mexico have actively engaged in the regionalism drive,competing against the two hegemonic powers (the USA and Brazil)in the region. As a result, various institutions have been created to deepen the different types of regional cooperation. These institutions included the Venezuelan-led Alternativa Bolivariana para la América (ALBA) and the Mexican-led Plan Mesoamérica besides the Unión de Naciones Suramericanas (UNASUR) driven by the Brazilian regional leadership. Latin American ʻnewʼ regionalism includes leadership competition among the two middle powers (Venezuela and Mexico)and the one major power (Brazil). The goal of this paper is to make a modest contribution to understanding Latin American ʻnewʼ regionalism by explaining the similarities and differences between Venezuela and Mexico in the current leadership of ʻnewʼ regionalism. In conclusion, the expansion of American hegemonic leadership to the south in the 1990s was the primary force behind the Brazilian-led Latin American regionalism. The leadership competition among the major powers in the region created a leadership vacuum to be filled by a middle or small power. The president’s strong will and top-down decision-making are common points between Venezuela and Mexico in the regionalism leadership. Contrary to the Mexican case, Venezuela has consistently opposed the USA-led Free Trade Area Agreement of the Americas (FTAA)and has been strategically linked with Brazil in regionalism matters.

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