Performance prediction of gamma electron vertex imaging (GEVI) system for interfractional range shift detection in spot scanning proton therapy
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The maximum dose delivery at the end of the beam range provides the main advantage of using protontherapy. The range of the proton beam, however, is subject to uncertainties, which limit the clinicalbenefits of proton therapy and, therefore, accurate in vivo verification of the beam range is desirable. Forthe beam range verification in spot scanning proton therapy, a prompt gamma detection system, calledas gamma electron vertex imaging (GEVI) system, is under development and, in the present study, theperformance of the GEVI system in spot scanning proton therapy was predicted with Geant4 Monte Carlosimulations in terms of shift detection sensitivity, accuracy and precision. The simulation results indicated that the GEVI system can detect the interfractional range shifts down to 1 mm shift for the casesconsidered in the present study. The results also showed that both the evaluated accuracy and precisionwere less than 1e2 mm, except for the scenarios where we consider all spots in the energy layer for alocal shifting. It was very encouraging results that the accuracy and precision satisfied the smallest distalsafety margin of the investigated beam energy (i.e., 4.88 mm for 134.9 MeV).
Abstract
The maximum dose delivery at the end of the beam range provides the main advantage of using protontherapy. The range of the proton beam, however, is subject to uncertainties, which limit the clinicalbenefits of proton therapy and, therefore, accurate in vivo verification of the beam range is desirable. Forthe beam range verification in spot scanning proton therapy, a prompt gamma detection system, calledas gamma electron vertex imaging (GEVI) system, is under development and, in the present study, theperformance of the GEVI system in spot scanning proton therapy was predicted with Geant4 Monte Carlosimulations in terms of shift detection sensitivity, accuracy and precision. The simulation results indicated that the GEVI system can detect the interfractional range shifts down to 1 mm shift for the casesconsidered in the present study. The results also showed that both the evaluated accuracy and precisionwere less than 1e2 mm, except for the scenarios where we consider all spots in the energy layer for alocal shifting. It was very encouraging results that the accuracy and precision satisfied the smallest distalsafety margin of the investigated beam energy (i.e., 4.88 mm for 134.9 MeV).
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